Culex interfor and Culex saltanensis (Diptera: Culicidae) are susceptible and competent to transmit St. Louis encephalitis virus (Flavivirus: Flaviviridae) in central Argentina

Beranek, Mauricio; Quaglia, Agustín; Peralta, Giovana Claudia; Flores, Fernando S.; Stein, Marina; Díaz, Luis Adrián; Almirón, Walter Ricardo; Contigiani, Marta Silvia

doi:10.1093/trstmh/traa058

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…coronator and Cx. interfor for SLEV (Beranek et al, 2020; Hammon & Reeves, 1943). However, their relevance in local transmission cycles has not been fully addressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood feeding patterns of the Culex pipiens complex in equestrian land uses and their implications for arboviral encephalitis risk in temperate Argentina

Cardo

Carbajo

Mozzoni

et al. 2022

Zoonoses and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Blood feeding patterns of mosquitoes are a key component in the dynamics of arboviral encephalitides transmission. In temperate Argentina, the members of the Culex pipiens complex include Cx. pipiens molestus, Cx. quinquefasciatus and their hybrids. To characterize their blood feeding patterns, adult resting mosquitoes were collected monthly during the warm season in urban and rural equestrian fields. The availability of birds and domestic mammals per site was characterized. The blood source and the complex member were successfully identified for 89 specimens using PCR. Blood of 19 vertebrate species was isolated including four mammals (most common feeds from dog, Canus lupus 19% of the blood meals; and horse, Equus caballus 18%) and 15 birds (picazuro pigeon, Patagioenas picazuro 11%; eared dove, Zenaida auriculata 10%; chicken, Gallus gallus 9%). The Forage Ratio (FR), calculated as the proportion of feeds taken from a given host species with respect to that host availability in the environment, suggested preference for dog by all members of the complex (FR ≥4.5).On the contrary, FR values suggested avoidance for horse by Cx. quinquefasciatus and the hybrid (FR ≤0.8), and a use proportional to its abundance by Cx. pipiens molestus (FR = 1.1-1.2 in urban and rural sites, respectively). FR values suggesting preference were obtained for avian species of the orders Passeriformes (7 species in total) and Columbiformes ( 5) by all members of the complex (FR ≥ 3.3), whereas values for monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus, Psiitaciformes) suggested avoidance by Cx. quinquefasciatus in urban sites (FR = 0.4) and by Cx. pipiens molestus in rural sites (FR = 0.3) but not in urban sites (FR = 1.4). A mammal-bird index (MBI, from −1 all avian to +1 all mammalian blood meals) was calculated for each member of the complex and urbanization category. Values were negative for Cx. quinquefasciatus (MBI urban = −0.60, MBI rural = −0.33) and positive for Cx. pipiens molestus (MBI urban = 0.20, MBI rural = 0.60), indicating a higher proportion of feeds taken on birds and mammals, respectively, regardless of the urbanization category. In temperate Argentina, the members of the Cx. pipiens complex fed both on horses and on birds, thus representing a real risk of transmission of arboviral encephalitides from avian enzootic cycles to horse epizootics.

show abstract

“…coronator and Cx. interfor for SLEV (Beranek et al, 2020; Hammon & Reeves, 1943). However, their relevance in local transmission cycles has not been fully addressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood feeding patterns of the Culex pipiens complex in equestrian land uses and their implications for arboviral encephalitis risk in temperate Argentina

Cardo

Carbajo

Mozzoni

et al. 2022

Zoonoses and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There were only laboratory data available for the analyses. Transmission was possible in seven Culex species, which we all considered to be potential vectors (Reisen et al, 2005;Richards et al, 2012;Beranek et al, 2020) (Figure 38, Figure 39, Appendix G).…”

Section: St Louis Encephalitis Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic literature review on the vector status of potential vector species of 36 vector‐borne pathogens

Massoels,

Bottu,

Vanslembrouck

et al. 2023

EFSA Supporting Publications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…SLEV is endemic to the Americas and has recently re-emerged in the western United States ( 3 , 4 ), southern Brazil, and central Argentina ( 5 ). In Argentina, according to ecologic studies, the SLEV transmission network is integrated by Culex quinquefasciatus , Culex interfor , and Culex saltanensis mosquitoes as vectors ( 6 ) and eared doves ( Zenaida auriculata ) and Picui ground doves ( Columbina picui ) as amplifying urban hosts ( 7 ). WNV was first detected in the Americas in 1999, causing an encephalitis outbreak among humans and massive mortality events among American crows ( Corvus brachyrhynchos ) ( 8 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Agroecosystems on Seroprevalence of St. Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses in Birds, La Pampa, Argentina, 2017–2019

Mansilla¹,

Grande²,

Díaz³

2022

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Argentina, the Pampa ecoregion has been almost completely transformed into agroecosystems. To evaluate the environmental (agricultural area, tree coverage, distance to the nearest water body and urban site) and biological (dove, cowbird, and sparrow abundance) effects on free-ranging bird exposure to St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and West Nile virus (WNV), we used generalized linear mixed models. For 1,019 birds sampled during 2017–2019, neutralizing antibodies were found against SLEV in samples from 60 (5.8%) birds and against WNV for 21 (2.1%). The best variable for explaining SLEV seroprevalence was agricultural area, which had a positive effect; however, for WNV, no model was conclusive. Our results suggest that agroecosystems in the La Pampa ecoregion increase the exposure of avian hosts to SLEV, thus potentially increasing virus activity.

show abstract

Culex interfor and Culex saltanensis (Diptera: Culicidae) are susceptible and competent to transmit St. Louis encephalitis virus (Flavivirus: Flaviviridae) in central Argentina

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Blood feeding patterns of the Culex pipiens complex in equestrian land uses and their implications for arboviral encephalitis risk in temperate Argentina

Blood feeding patterns of the Culex pipiens complex in equestrian land uses and their implications for arboviral encephalitis risk in temperate Argentina

Systematic literature review on the vector status of potential vector species of 36 vector‐borne pathogens

Effect of Agroecosystems on Seroprevalence of St. Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses in Birds, La Pampa, Argentina, 2017–2019

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About