“…10J). 53 The presence of NH–CO confirmed the effective grafting of sodium alginate onto the surface of LDO@SiO 2 -Pr-NH 2 , aligning with the findings from the infrared spectroscopy (IR) results. The high-resolution XPS spectrum for Fe 2p indicated four peaks located at 711.34, 713.18, 715.08, and 717.58 eV, which respectively correspond to the Fe 2+ 2p 3/2, Fe 3+ 2p 3/2, Fe 2+ 2p 1/2 , and Fe 3+ 2p 1/2 in the fresh catalyst (Fig.…”