Cuerpo Y Percepción en Una Zona Rural De México: ¿una Preocupación Solo De Mujeres O También De Hombres?

Abstract

Cuerpo y percepción en una zona rural de México: ¿una preocupación solo de mujeres o también de hombres?Body perception in a rural area of Mexico: is there a concern only women or also men?Resumen Introducción: El presente estudio se inscribe en los trabajos de alimentación y género, entre los cuales se ve al cuerpo como un constructo social. La preocupación por el cuerpo, la imagen corporal y la alimentación se ha convertido actualmente en un problema, sobre todo para las mujeres urbanas. Sin embargo, se sabe poco de lo que sucede entre los hombres y mujeres que viven en las zonas rurales del país. Objetivos: Conocer cómo son, cómo se perciben y cómo desean ser las mujeres y hombres de una comunidad rural y cuáles son algunos de sus saberes alimentarios. Metodología: Se encuestó y midió a 19 hombres y 30 mujeres en una comunidad del Estado de México los que seleccionaron entre 9 figuras, aquellas con las que identificaron su percepción y su deseo. Resultados: Se encontraron algunas diferencias entre los sexos respecto a la percepción corporal: los hombres se perciben más delgados, y algunas mujeres, con sobrepeso. Ambos sexos desean estar más delgados, y se detectaron más alteraciones en la percepción masculina respecto a eso. Los saberes sobre alimentación, cuerpo y salud no mostraron grandes diferencias genéricas. Conclusión: Se resalta la conveniencia de aumentar el número de estudios dirigidos a conocer la percepción y alteración corporal en hombres y mujeres que puedan conducir a prácticas alimentarias de riesgo en ambientes rurales con el propósito de implementar acciones de prevención y tratamiento. figure. Results: There were certain sex differences in body perception: men perceived themselves as thinner and some women perceived themselves as overweight. Both groups wish to be thinner. There is more alteration in male self-perception. There are no gender differences in traditional knowledge about food, body and health. Conclusion: More research is needed on altered body self-perception which may lead to high-risk eating practices in rural environments, so that prevention and treatment can be implemented.

Body image dissatisfaction among rural population: a systematic review

“…25 When results are compared, in relation to the level of body image dissatisfaction, with those obtained in populations from urban areas, it be seen that there is no significant variation and that the tendency to thinness is shared by both contexts, for example, in a study carried out in three Chinese communities, one of them rural, it was found that the participants from the three communities had a desire for a slimmer figure in addition to sharing the concern about the consumption of fats, which is why the researchers mention that those are phenomena more related to modernity than to ethnicity. 35 An important aspect to consider is the inclusion of both genders in the study samples, allowing the possibility of finding that body dissatisfaction is a phenomenon shared by men, who may even be presenting a higher level of dissatisfaction than women, 24,37 a similar situation presented in urbanized areas. 41,42 The inclusion of men in the study samples becomes even more important when considering that body dissatisfaction is a risk factor for eating disorders, a growing public health problem: according to data from the Center for Health and Social Care (NHS) in the United Kingdom, between 2005 and 2014 the number of hospital admissions due to eating disorders in men aged 10-24 increased by 20%.…”

“…Regarding gender, in works that included both sexes, women reported higher levels of dissatisfaction with body image; except for two studies 24,37 in which it was men who reported higher levels of dissatisfaction.…”

“…The selected studies have diverse origins, with the majority of the work being carried out in the United States of America [11][12][13][14][15][16] , Mexico, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and Africa. [27][28][29][30][31] To a lesser extent, works from Australia, 32 Canada, 33 Spain, 34 China, 35 Chile, 36 and India.…”