Cuantificación voltamétrica de plomo y cadmio en papa fresca

Abstract

RESUMENLa presencia de metales pesados en alimentos ha sido reportada como uno de los problemas de alto impacto, debido a su toxicidad y afecciones en la salud humana. El método voltametría de onda cuadrada (VOC) fue validado para la cuantificación de cadmio y de plomo en tubérculos de papa fresca. Este estudio, se realizó usando: como buffer, solución Britton-Robinson (B-R, pH 4,8); carbono vítreo, como electrodo de trabajo; Ag/AgCl, como electrodo de referencia y platino, como electrodo auxiliar. La aplicación de la técnica VOC fue realizada en tubérculos recolectados en la central de abastos de Tunja-Boyacá, Colombia. El análisis de varianza de la validación no presentó diferencia estadística; el análisis fue realizado con un nivel de confiabilidad de 94,5%, para cadmio y 92,0%, para plomo. La concentración de estos metales en las muestras analizadas estuvieron entre un rango de 0,111 a 0,304ppm, que sobrepasa los límites máximos establecidos por las normas nacionales e internacionales, vigentes para papa de consumo humano.Palabras clave: Electroquímica, electrodo de carbono vítreo, metales pesados, tubérculo. SUMMARYThe presence of heavy metals in food has been reported as one of the high impact problems due to their toxicity and human health problems. The square wave voltammetry method (VOC) was validated for quantification of cadmium and lead in potato. This study was conducted using as buffer solution Britton-Robinson (BR, pH 4.8), glassy carbon as working electrode, Ag / AgCl as reference electrode and platinum as counter electrode. The application of VOC technique was performed in tubers from the central supply of Tunja (Boyacá-Colombia). The analysis of variance showed no statistical difference validation, analysis was performed with a confidence level of 94.5% to 92.0% for cadmium and lead. The concentration of these metals in the samples analyzed were within the range of 0.111 to 0.304ppm exceeding the limits set by national and international standards for tubers of human consumption.

Reported Lead Levels in Different Environmental Matrices in Colombia

“…The consumption of food contaminated with lead directly affects the health of human beings, even in low amounts, since if the exposure is constant it can increase the risk of poisoning. Such is the case of foods for daily consumption such as potatoes, from Tunja, Boyacá, in which Mariño and others [47] identified lead with values ranging between 0.085 and 0.150 mg/kg. Also, chives, lettuce, and cabbage grown in Norte de Santander [48] that exceeded the maximum limit established by the Ministry of Health were identified.…”