Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films deposition by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

Daranfed, Warda; Aida, M.S.; Attaf, N.; Bougdira, J.; Rinnert, H.

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.07.063

Cited by 104 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Therefore, the preferred orientation is the (112) plane, which is in agreement with the reported results of CZTS thin films on rigid and flexible substrates. 6,8,9,[14][15][16][17] We analyze the effects of sulfurization temperature on the structural properties of the flexible CZTS thin films. Figure 3 shows the intensity of the (112) peak and the calculated grain size for different sulfurization temperatures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films on flexible polyimide substrates by sputtering and post-sulfurization

Cao

Yang

et al. 2014

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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Flexible Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films are more advantageous than those on rigid glass substrates. In this study, vacuum-based magnetron sputtering was utilized to fabricate CZTS thin films on flexible polyimide substrates. Zn/Sn/Cu precursors were sputtered and then sulfurized. The influences of sulfurization temperature on the structural, compositional, morphological, electrical, and optical properties of the fabricated thin films were analyzed. The experimental results show that the CZTS structures form on the polyimide substrates after sulfurization. The crystallinity of CZTS enhances and the secondary phases in the thin films decrease with increasing sulfurization temperature. Single-phase CZTS thin films are obtained for sulfurization temperatures reaching 450 °C. The compositions of the fabricated thin films are Cu-poor and Zn-rich. The fabricated CZTS thin films show p-type conductivity. The direct optical band gaps of the thin films range from 1.51 eV to 1.55 eV. The absorption coefficients of these films are larger than 1 × 104 cm−1 above the band gap edge. The experimental results reveal the feasibility of the deposition of CZTS thin films on polyimide substrates by vacuum-based methods. The fabricated thin films can suitably function as absorbers for solar cell applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films on flexible polyimide substrates by sputtering and post-sulfurization

Cao

Yang

et al. 2014

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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“…X‐ray diffraction pattern of CZTS prepared at different temperatures [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Effect Of Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

et al. 2019

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Summary The progress of solar cell technology in the development of clean and economic quaternary compound copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS)‐based absorber thin films using the spray pyrolysis technique are presented in this review. CZTS (Cu2ZnSnS4) is the only potential competitor for the existing solar thin film absorbing materials owing to its environment‐friendly Earth abundant constituents. Even though different nonvacuum thin film technologies have been developed for the large area fabrication of this nontoxic absorber material, spray pyrolysis technique offers more versatility in changing the process parameters which has a direct impact on the cell efficiency. It can be used for depositing a wide variety of materials even with complex composition with good crystallinity, and the method has the advantage of being flexible and straightforward to design and can be quickly adopted for extensive area deposition. A survey on the effects of experimental conditions as well as the nature of precursors on the structural, morphological, electrical, and optical properties on the spray pyrolyzed CZTS thin films is discussed in detail. This analysis certainly could provide a potential to obtain new insights in the fabrication of high‐efficiency CZTS‐based solar cells and to launch it into the commercial market to satisfy the ever‐growing future energy demand.

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“…With an increase in the temperature and therefore increase in the thickness of the vapor film, the droplet impact is further interrupted and the surface roughness increases. Figure 6 shows a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of the Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 thin film prepared by spray pyrolysis at substrate temperature of 320 °C [80]. The main solvent in this case is methanol.…”

Section: Droplet Impact On a Hot Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Spray-on Thin Film PV Solar Cells: Advances, Potentials and Challenges

Eslamian

2014

Coatings

137

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Abstract:The capability to fabricate photovoltaic (PV) solar cells on a large scale and at a competitive price is a milestone waiting to be achieved. Currently, such a fabrication method is lacking because the effective methods are either difficult to scale up or expensive due to the necessity for fabrication in a vacuum environment. Nevertheless, for a class of thin film solar cells, in which the solar cell materials can be processed in a solution, up scalable and vacuum-free fabrication techniques can be envisioned. In this context, all or some layers of polymer, dye-sensitized, quantum dot, and copper indium gallium selenide thin film solar cells illustrate some examples that may be processed in solution. The solution-processed materials may be transferred to the substrate by atomizing the solution and carrying the spray droplets to the substrate, a process that will form a thin film after evaporation of the solvent. Spray coating is performed at atmospheric pressure using low cost equipment with a roll-to-roll process capability, making it an attractive fabrication technique, provided that fairly uniform layers with high charge carrier separation and transport capability can be made. In this paper, the feasibility, the recent advances and challenges of fabricating spray-on thin film solar cells, the dynamics of spray and droplet impaction on the substrate, the photo-induced electron transfer in spray-on solar cells, the challenges on characterization and simulation, and the commercialization status of spray-on solar cells are discussed.

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Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films deposition by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

Cited by 104 publications

References 32 publications

Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films on flexible polyimide substrates by sputtering and post-sulfurization

Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films on flexible polyimide substrates by sputtering and post-sulfurization

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

Spray-on Thin Film PV Solar Cells: Advances, Potentials and Challenges

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Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films deposition by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

Cited by 104 publications

References 32 publications

Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films on flexible polyimide substrates by sputtering and post-sulfurization

Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films on flexible polyimide substrates by sputtering and post-sulfurization

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 chalcogenide absorber thin film

Spray-on Thin Film PV Solar Cells: Advances, Potentials and Challenges

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A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film