Cu2ZnGeS4 as a novel hole transport material for carbon-based perovskite solar cells with power conversion efficiency above 18%

Ecofriendly Mn3O4 as a Novel Hole Transport Material for Efficient and Ultrastable Flexible and Rigid Perovskite Solar Cells

“…In addition, some other inorganic semiconductors such as MoO 2 and TiS 2 have been reported as HTMs; however, the PCE of devices based on these two materials lags far behind the aforementioned Cu-group compounds. , Despite some progress, the research on inorganic HTMs is still not competitive, and further exploration is required. In principle, the selection of suitable HTMs needs to meet the following criteria: (1) suitable energy level matching with perovskite and outstanding hole transport ability; (2) materials are prepared by procedures that will not degrade the underlying perovskite and are preferably environmentally friendly; (3) highly stable in external environment and low-cost; and (4) smooth and dense film morphology. ,, Considering the above restrictions, the interesting inorganic HTMs until now are rarely reported in the literature. Our group previously developed a novel inorganic HTM MnS applied to PSCs exhibiting superior PV performance .…”

“…In contrast, choosing inorganic materials as HTMs is more attractive for the stability improvement of PSCs. , Inspired by this, some research groups have tried to explore inorganic semiconductors instead of organic materials as HTMs in PSCs. – For instance, a series of Cu-based compounds including CuI, CuSCN, Cu 2 O, CuGaO 2 , and Cu 2 ZnGeS 4 were employed as alternative HTMs in regular PSCs. – However, the use of these materials is full of limitations such as the preparation of some materials requires toxic polar solvents, rare metals, and high temperature annealing, which have negative effects on the underlying perovskite films. In addition, some other inorganic semiconductors such as MoO 2 and TiS 2 have been reported as HTMs; however, the PCE of devices based on these two materials lags far behind the aforementioned Cu-group compounds. , Despite some progress, the research on inorganic HTMs is still not competitive, and further exploration is required.…”

Insights from Experiment and Theory on Peculiarities of the Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of the Tl2HgGeSe4 Crystal

“…In particular, Cheng et al. have established recently in ref that application of Cu 2 ZnGeS 4 nanocrystals as a hole transport semiconductor for carbon-bearing perovskite-like solar cells allows to reach a maximum power conversion efficiency of 18.02% that is very beneficial for practical use. In addition, the physical and chemical properties of the quaternary Cu-bearing chalcogenides under discussion can be varied through phase transformations and inclusion of metastable and secondary phases. − Furthermore, the annealing treatment is generally used for better controlling the secondary/metastable phase formation in the Cu 2 B II D IV X 4 chalcogenides and improving the crystalline quality and thickness of thin-film absorbers based on them. − This treatment also gives possibility for obtaining a particular layer morphology of such chalcogenides to gain demands of wide-gap film devices …”

Additive‐Free Spiro‐OMeTAD@P3HT Composite/NiOx Hole‐Transporting Bilayer for Efficient (19%), Stable, and Fully Solution‐Processed Carbon‐Electrode‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells

“…[12,19,20] The relatively low efficiency of C-PSCs can be ascribed to the severe recombination losses arising from the insufficient charge selectivity and large energy-level mismatch at the PVK/carbon interface. [21][22][23] To deal with the interfacial issues of C-PSCs, HTL engineering plays a critical role. [24,25] However, the design rule of HTL for C-PSCs differs from that for traditional Au/Ag-based PSCs.…”