“…[35][36][37] Fluorescence based sensing is a widely accepted and powerful technique that is used for a variety of environmental, industrial, medical diagnostics, DNA sequencing, forensics, genetic analysis, and biotechnology applications. 38,39 Chromenylium cyanine, 40 styrylbenzothiazolium dye, 41 phenothiazine derivatives, 42,43 1-(1,3-dioxo-1H-inden-2(3H)ylidene)thiosemicarbazide, 44 carbazole-azine, 45 coumarin derivative, 46 oligothiophene-barbituric acid conjugate, 47 pyridine-Schiff base, 48 fluorescein, 49 cyanine dyes, 50,51 quinolone and pyridylaminophenol 52 are a few examples of the reported probes for detection of heavy metal ions like Cu 2+ , Hg 2+ , Co 2+ and Ni 2+ . Many quinoxaline-based probes have been developed recently, due to their excellent optical properties, for instance, indeno-quinoxaline-cyclo-2,4,7-trienol, 53 quinoxaline-ferrocene, 54 quinoxaline-nitrobenzohydrazide, 55 quinoxalinebenzimidazole-ferrocene, 56 and quinoxaline-hydroxybenzimine have been developed for detection of certain heavy metal ions.…”