“…In a nonenzymatic sensing system, choosing the right catalyst immobilized on the electrode, which mimics enzyme functions, is critical to ensure high sensitivity and specicity. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Currently, three categories of materials have proven to be good enzyme substitutions: carbon nanomaterials, metals (e.g., Pt, Au, Pd, Cu, and Ni) and metal oxides (e.g., Co 3 O 4 , NiO, and CuO). 14 Copper oxide (CuO), a well-investigated transition metal oxide, is an active material in non-enzymatic glucose sensors due to its excellent sensitivity, high stability, low cost and easy synthesis.…”