“…7 The interesting PL properties of C dots are related to their core size, surface defects and ligands, oxidation state, and the number of conjugated p electrons. 1,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Many approaches, including laser ablation, ultrasonication, direct heating, microwave-assisted heating, plasma treatment, hydrothermal routes, have been applied for the preparation of C dots from different precursors. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Among them, the hydrothermal approach is the most popular, mainly because of its simplicity.…”