CTR1, a negative regulator of the ethylene response pathway in arabidopsis, encodes a member of the Raf family of protein kinases

Kieber, Joseph J.; Rothenberg, Madge; Roman, Gregg; Feldmann, Kenneth A.; Ecker, Joseph R.

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90119-b

Cited by 1,772 publications

(1,509 citation statements)

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“…Ethylene is perceived by receptors [ETHYLENE RESISTANCE1 (ETR1)] and related proteins (Chang et al 1993;Hua and Meyerowitz 1998). The ethylene signal is transduced to ETHYLENE INSEN-SITIVE3 (EIN3) through CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RE-SPONSE1 (CTR1) (Kieber et al 1993) and ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2) (Alonso et al 1999). EIN3 is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in regulation of expression of ethylene responsive genes (Chao et al 1997;Solano et al 1998).…”

Section: Role Of Ethylene In Regulation Of Fruit Ripeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fading distinctions between classical patterns of ripening in climacteric and non-climacteric fruit and the ubiquity of ethylene—An overview

2011

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The process of fruit ripening is normally viewed distinctly in climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. But, many fruits such as guava, melon, Japanese plum, Asian pear and pepper show climacteric as well as non-climacteric behaviour depending on the cultivar or genotype. Investigations on in planta levels of CO 2 and ethylene at various stages of fruits during ripening supported the role and involvement of changes in the rate of respiration and ethylene production in non-climacteric fruits such as strawberry, grapes and citrus. Non-climacteric fruits are also reported to respond to the exogenous application of ethylene. Comparative analysis of plant-attached and plant-detached fruits did not show similarity in their ripening behaviour. This disparity is being explained in view of 1. Hypothetical ripening inhibitor, 2. Differences in the production, release and endogenous levels of ethylene, 3. Sensitivity of fruits towards ethylene and 4. Variations in the gaseous microenvironment among fruits and their varieties. Detailed studies on genetic and inheritance patterns along with the application of '-omics' research indicated that ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent pathways coexist in both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. Auxin levels also interact with ethylene in regulating ripening. These findings therefore reveal that the classification of fruits based on climacteric rise and/or ethylene production status is not very distinct or perfect. However, presence of a characteristic rise in CO 2 levels and a burst in ethylene production in some non-climacteric fruits as well as the presence of system 2 of ethylene production point to a ubiquitous role for ethylene in fruit ripening.

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Section: Role Of Ethylene In Regulation Of Fruit Ripeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fading distinctions between classical patterns of ripening in climacteric and non-climacteric fruit and the ubiquity of ethylene—An overview

2011

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“…Apart from atToc159, -132 and -120 (Bauer et al, 2000) the Arabidopsis databases contain a fourth and previously uncharacterized homologue of Toc159 which, based on the sequence similarity, we designate a Toc protein (Hiltbrunner et al, 2001a). A full length ESTclone (H4C12T7) with a 2379 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding the protein is available (Kieber et al, 1993), indicating that the gene is expressed. The open reading frame accounts for a protein of 793 amino acids with a molecular mass of 89 338 Da (Figure 1).…”

Section: Attoc90 a New Member Of A Family Of Gtp-binding Proteins Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existence of EST-clones (H4C12T7, RZL46g05F, RAFL07-09-E20, RAFL07-18-F22) (Kieber et al, 1993;Asamizu et al, 2000;Seki et al, 2002) indicates that TOC90 is an expressed gene. To confirm that TOC90 is functional and to determine whether the atToc90 mRNA level is similarly upregulated by light as the transcript levels of atToc159, -132 and -120 (Bauer et al, 2000) total RNA was isolated from dark and light grown plants, respectively.…”

Section: Light-induced Upregulation Of Attoc90 Transcript Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

AtToc90, a New GTP-Binding Component of the Arabidopsis Chloroplast Protein Import Machinery

et al. 2004

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AtToc159 is a GTP-binding chloroplast protein import receptor. In vivo, atToc159 is required for massive accumulation of photosynthetic proteins during chloroplast biogenesis. Yet, in mutants lacking atToc159 photosynthetic proteins still accumulate, but at strongly reduced levels whereas non-photosynthetic proteins are imported normally: This suggests a role for the homologues of atToc159 (atToc132, -120 and -90). Here, we show that atToc90 supports accumulation of photosynthetic proteins in plastids, but is not required for import of several constitutive proteins. Part of atToc90 associates with the chloroplast surface in vivo and with the Toc-complex core components (atToc75 and atToc33) in vitro suggesting a function in chloroplast protein import similar to that of atToc159. As both proteins specifically contribute to the accumulation of photosynthetic proteins in chloroplasts they may be components of the same import pathway.

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“…hypocotyl elongation is inhibited, the hypocotyl exhibits radial swelling and the hypocotyl hook is exaggerated), the upregulation of ethylene-induced genes and the inhibition of cell expansion (see Figure 2) [19,20]. Ethylene recepwrs that have not bound ethylene negatively regulate the ethylene response through a cyw plasmic signaling domain [18,21°].…”

Section: Copper Delivery and Ethylene Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivering copper within plant cells

Himelblau¹

2000

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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CTR1, a negative regulator of the ethylene response pathway in arabidopsis, encodes a member of the Raf family of protein kinases

Cited by 1,772 publications

References 64 publications

The fading distinctions between classical patterns of ripening in climacteric and non-climacteric fruit and the ubiquity of ethylene—An overview

The fading distinctions between classical patterns of ripening in climacteric and non-climacteric fruit and the ubiquity of ethylene—An overview

AtToc90, a New GTP-Binding Component of the Arabidopsis Chloroplast Protein Import Machinery

Delivering copper within plant cells

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