CTmax is repeatable and doesn’t reduce growth in zebrafish

Morgan, Rachael; Finnøen, Mette Helene; Jutfelt, Fredrik

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-25593-4

Cited by 95 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Danio rerio were obtained from a local tropical fish supplier (Noah's Pet Ark; https://www.noahspetark.ca/) and were acclimated in laboratory conditions for a minimum of 4 weeks (Morgan et al ., ) at three different acclimation temperatures (50 fish each at 18, 23 and 28°C; Lin et al ., ) with a 12D:12 N photoperiod and continuous water aeration (>80% air saturation). The desired acclimation temperature was reached by adjusting 1°C day −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane and calcium clock mechanisms contribute variably as a function of temperature to setting cardiac pacemaker rate in zebrafish Danio rerio

Marchant

Farrell

2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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Here, we show that heart rate in zebrafish Danio rerio is dependent upon two pacemaking mechanisms and it possesses a limited ability to reset the cardiac pacemaker with temperature acclimation. Electrocardiogram recordings, taken from individual, anaesthetised zebrafish that had been acclimated to 18, 23 or 28°C were used to follow the response of maximum heart rate (fHmax) to acute warming from 18°C until signs of cardiac failure appeared (up to c. 40°C). Because fHmax was similar across the acclimation groups at almost all equivalent test temperatures, warm acclimation was limited to one significant effect, the 23°C acclimated zebrafish had a significantly higher (21%) peak fHmax and reached a higher (3°C) test temperature than the 18°C acclimated zebrafish. Using zatebradine to block the membrane hyperpolarisation‐activated cyclic nucleotide–gated channels (HCN) and examine the contribution of the membrane clock mechanisms to cardiac pacemaking, f Hmax was significantly reduced (by at least 40%) at all acute test temperatures and significantly more so at most test temperatures for zebrafish acclimated to 28°C vs. 23°C. Thus, HCN channels and the membrane clock were not only important, but could be modified by thermal acclimation. Using a combination of ryanodine (to block sarcoplasmic calcium release) and thapsigargin (to block sarcoplasmic calcium reuptake) to examine the contribution of sarcoplasmic reticular handling of calcium and the calcium clock, f Hmax was again consistently reduced independent of the test temperature and acclimation temperature, but to a significantly lesser degree than zatebradine for zebrafish acclimated to both 28 and 18°C. Thus, the calcium clock mechanism plays an additional role in setting pacemaker activity that was independent of temperature. In conclusion, the zebrafish cardiac pacemaker has a limited temperature acclimation ability compared with known effects for other fishes and involves two pacemaking mechanisms, one of which was independent of temperature.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane and calcium clock mechanisms contribute variably as a function of temperature to setting cardiac pacemaker rate in zebrafish Danio rerio

Marchant

Farrell

2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…The majority of the fish at all sites appeared to be young-of-the-year, with only a few larger fish found at a subset of the sites (Fig. 2), pooling the weight data from the fish measured outdoors on-site and from the CT max experiment (small fish could not be included in the CT max test, as they would swim through the mesh in the experimental setup, see Morgan et al 8,9 for details). These fish could be indicative of multiple spawning events within the spawning season.…”

Section: Zebrafish Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Observation of Wild Zebrafish (Danio rerio) in India

et al. 2019

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Zebrafish is one of the world's most widely used laboratory species, and it is utilized to answer important research questions in disparate fields such as biomedicine, genetics, developmental biology, pharmacology, toxicology, physiology, and evolution. Despite their popularity, very little is known about the biology of zebrafish in their natural habitat. This may, in part, be due to the difficulties associated with undertaking field trips to the remote areas of northern India, Nepal, and Bangladesh, which is the natural distribution range of zebrafish. Here, we present a field report describing a recent trip where we, together with local collaborators, visited several rivers in West Bengal, India, to observe wild zebrafish and their habitat. We present an overview of our observations on the biology of wild zebrafish, and the great variability of the different environments where they were found. We also include data collected on water chemistry parameters at 12 zebrafish sites, and weight data and photos of fish from these sites. We present extensive underwater videos of wild zebrafish and photographs of the sites, including video footage of courtship behavior. We show that the breeding period of wild zebrafish can be extended from the previous record of April-August to April-October. In addition, we provide practical advice for future zebrafish expeditions to this rural and inaccessible area. The goals of this article are to shed some light on the ecology of wild zebrafish, and to facilitate scientists in their future research trips. We hope that by observing zebrafish in the wild, we can increase our understanding of the natural ecology of this important model organism.

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“…However, even when a 'specific' thermal limit has been selected for investigation, methods of quantifying these limits often vary depending on the experimenter and the species studied. For example, the CT max of fish is often defined as the temperature at which a fish experiences a loss of equilibrium (LOE; see Glossary), which could be the point of uncontrolled and disorganized swimming (Morgan et al, 2018) or the point where the ability to remain upright is lost and not regained (Becker and Genoway, 1979). This second measure in fish generally agrees with the loss of the righting response that is typically measured in reptiles and amphibians (Dayananda et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discriminating Among Measures Of Thermal Limitation: What LImentioning

confidence: 87%

Dissecting cause from consequence: a systematic approach to thermal limits

MacMillan

2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Thermal limits mark the boundaries of ectotherm performance, and are increasingly appreciated as strong correlates and possible determinants of animal distribution patterns. The mechanisms setting the thermal limits of ectothermic animals are under active study and rigorous debate as we try to reconcile new observations in the lab and field with the knowledge gained from a long history of research on thermal adaptation. Here, I provide a perspective on our divided understanding of the mechanisms setting thermal limits of ectothermic animals. I focus primarily on the fundamental differences between high and low temperatures, and how animal form and environment can place different constraints on different taxa. Together, complexity and variation in animal form drive complexity in the interactions within and among levels of biological organization, creating a formidable barrier to determining mechanistic cause and effect at thermal limits. Progress in our understanding of thermal limits will require extensive collaboration and systematic approaches that embrace this complexity and allow us to separate the causes of failure from the physiological consequences that can quickly follow. I argue that by building integrative models that explain causal links among multiple organ systems, we can more quickly arrive at a holistic understanding of the varied challenges facing animals at extreme temperatures.

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CTmax is repeatable and doesn’t reduce growth in zebrafish

Cited by 95 publications

References 58 publications

Membrane and calcium clock mechanisms contribute variably as a function of temperature to setting cardiac pacemaker rate in zebrafish Danio rerio

Membrane and calcium clock mechanisms contribute variably as a function of temperature to setting cardiac pacemaker rate in zebrafish Danio rerio

On the Observation of Wild Zebrafish (Danio rerio) in India

Dissecting cause from consequence: a systematic approach to thermal limits

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