CTLA‐4 (CD152) controls homeostasis and suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells in mice

Abstract

Objective. CD4؉CD25؉ regulatory T cells (known asTreg

Reply

“…We believe that heart involvement in RA results from the disease's systemic inflammatory process, which explains the high rates of cardiac mortality in RA patients. Thus, we completely agree with the conclusions discussed by Rudominer et al and think that the collective scientific community has achieved an important goal in demonstrating that different populations with RA (both Mediterranean [2,3] and North American [1]) have the same clinical cardiac features (i.e., a higher left ventricular mass index and abnormalities consistent with impaired left ventricle relaxation).…”

“…It remains to be determined, however, whether CTLA-4, TGF␤, IL-10, and LAG-3 represent components of the same pathway or of multiple pathways that converge at a common point. We appreciate the work of Rudominer et al, who recently published a report describing the association of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with increased left ventricular mass (1). The findings of Rudominer and colleagues are consistent with the findings of our own previous study of RA patients, which is cited by the authors (2).…”

THE ROLE OF THE DIFFERENT SUBPOPULATIONS OF CD4⁺Т LYMPHOCYTES DURING PREGNANCY

“…Treg is characterized by low CD127 expression, reduced CD4 (СD4 dim ), CD45RB low/-expression [78], CD28 expression [109], intracellular CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen) expression [32]. CTLA-4 takes part in restriction of Treg proliferative activity, population homeostasis, and execution of their suppressive properties in respect of effector T lymphocytes [49,109,122]. CTLA-4 deletion results in T cell activation and systemic autoimmune reaction development [98,104].…”

“…CTLA-4 deletion results in T cell activation and systemic autoimmune reaction development [98,104]. At Treg activation CTLA-4 expression increases [49]. CTLA-4 blocking has an effect on Treg that is similar to TGF-β blocking, and, moreover, it [8,85,87].…”

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells modulate human dendritic cell chemokines via multiple mechanisms: Comment on the article by Kolar et al

“…We read with interest the recent article by Kolar et al in which the authors report that expression of CTLA-4 maintains the suppressive function of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) (1). Naturally occurring CD4ϩCD25ϩ Treg cells play a critical role in maintaining immune tolerance (2).…”