CTAB grafted PAM gel and its application in drilling fluid

Shettigar, Rakshith R.; Misra, Nirendra M.; Patel, Khushbu

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2017.10.040

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In this stage, we can see from the snapshots in Figure 5 that the interconnected networks consisting of PAM and CTAC were very stretched, both the CTAC micelles and PAM polymer chains were elongated, and the original tight structures were unfolded (Figure 5c,d). The expenditure of the contact area with fluids leads to an increase in viscosity [63]. Coupled with the alignment of structures to the shear direction (from the left view in Figure 5c,d), the viscosity showed an oscillation increase.…”

Section: Low Shear Rates For Pam Based Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Interfacial Interaction Enhanced Rheological Behavior in PAM/CTAC/Salt Aqueous Solution—A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Study

Liu

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Interfacial interactions within a multi-phase polymer solution play critical roles in processing control and mass transportation in chemical engineering. However, the understandings of these roles remain unexplored due to the complexity of the system. In this study, we used an efficient analytical method—a nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulation—to unveil the molecular interactions and rheology of a multiphase solution containing cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC), polyacrylamide (PAM), and sodium salicylate (NaSal). The associated macroscopic rheological characteristics and shear viscosity of the polymer/surfactant solution were investigated, where the computational results agreed well with the experimental data. The relation between the characteristic time and shear rate was consistent with the power law. By simulating the shear viscosity of the polymer/surfactant solution, we found that the phase transition of micelles within the mixture led to a non-monotonic increase in the viscosity of the mixed solution with the increase in concentration of CTAC or PAM. We expect this optimized molecular dynamic approach to advance the current understanding on chemical–physical interactions within polymer/surfactant mixtures at the molecular level and enable emerging engineering solutions.

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Section: Low Shear Rates For Pam Based Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Interfacial Interaction Enhanced Rheological Behavior in PAM/CTAC/Salt Aqueous Solution—A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Study

Liu

et al. 2020

Polymers

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“…The hydrodynamic effect on the fluid flow is carried out by creating an increased pressure and increasing the speed of its movement [13,14]. In this case, due to the fragmentation of the elements of the dispersed phase, their dispersion and uniformity of the entire volume of the liquid increase [15,16].…”

Section: Research Of Existing Solutions To the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a method for maintaining the performance of drilling fluids during transportation by Platform Supply Vessel

Maryanov

2021

TAPR

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The object of research is the process of transportation of drilling fluid used for lubrication and cooling of drilling equipment of offshore oil production platforms. The subject of the study is the stratification of the density of the drilling fluid along the height of the cargo tank in which it is transported. The technology of transportation of drilling fluid on the Platform Supply Vessel is considered. A problematic point in ensuring this process is that during the transportation of drilling fluids, due to the action of gravitational forces on organic and inorganic compounds in their volume, there is a latent change in their dispersion over the volume of the fluid. This leads to the stratification and stratification of the fluid density along the height, as well as to the formation of sediments at the bottom of the cargo tanks, in which the drilling fluid is transported. The study is aimed at developing a technology that maintains a constant value of the density of the drilling fluid along the depth of the tank in which it is transported. The studies were carried out in the vessel system for transporting drilling fluid of a specialized marine vessel of the Platform Supply Vessel type with a deadweight of 5850 tons. It is experimentally established that for a transportation time of 6–36 hours, the density stratification of the drilling fluid is 3.04–32.04 %. As a method that ensures the minimum stratification of the density of the drilling fluid during its transportation, it is proposed to use an additional X-shaped circulation of the drilling fluid in the volume of adjacent cargo tanks. Studies have confirmed that the density stratification over a time period of 6–36 hours decreases to a range of 2.30–9.01 %. The complex use of additional X-shaped circulation and simultaneous air supply to the bottom of the cargo tank provides a density stratification value of 0.73–2.93 %. The proposed technology was tested on a specialized seagoing vessel of the Platform Supply Vessel type with a deadweight of 5850 tons and can be used on offshore vessels that ensure the operation of offshore oil production platforms.

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“…[ 13 ] Potassium chloride (KCl) is a well‐known shale inhibitor that has been blended in drilling fluids at relatively large concentrations to attain a shale inhibition effect during drilling operations. [ 14 ] However, the large amount of KCl causes a serious environmental concern and there is a limitation on the discharge of this type of inhibitor. Polymers have also been explored to enhance the shale inhibition and these additives have shown exceptional performance, [ 15 ] albeit they adsorb on the surface of rocks, block the porous formation, and lessen the permeability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impervious synthetic layered silicates coating to restrict the swelling of clay‐rich shales

Santra

2021

Can J Chem Eng

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An incremental demand towards the use of water‐based fluids for drilling oil and gas wells has generated numerous challenges in the field of shale inhibition characteristics. One of the major problems associated with the use of water‐based drilling fluids is the interaction of water with clay‐rich shales that leads to hydration and swelling of reactive clays. We have developed functionalized nanoplatelets composed of amine functionalities anchored on the nanometre‐thick magnesium silicates (LMS‐NH2). A facile synthetic approach was employed to synthesize lab‐scale quantity of LMS‐NH2 through combination of sol–gel and precipitation techniques. The structural characterization was conducted using powder X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis to evaluate generation of anticipated LMS‐NH2. Shale stabilization characteristics of LMS‐NH2 were tested and compared with other commercial shale inhibitors. Clay swelling and clay dispersion tests were performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the impermeable coating of nano‐platelets on to the clay‐rich shales. The LMS‐NH2 demonstrated 87% recovery of swellable shales after dispersion tests. The microscopic study conducted on shales revealed the formation of inorganic film, which provide impervious coating to protect the water‐susceptible clays. The linear swelling measurements were also performed to understand the effectiveness of LMS‐NH2 over 72 h. LMS‐NH2 demonstrated linear swelling of 31.7% when compared with drilling fluid without shale inhibitor. The newly developed inhibitor in the current study has outperformed conventional shale inhibitors (a 18.7% reduction in linear swelling), wherein the presence of inorganic constituents aids stronger film formation compared to solely organic inhibitors.

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CTAB grafted PAM gel and its application in drilling fluid

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

Interfacial Interaction Enhanced Rheological Behavior in PAM/CTAC/Salt Aqueous Solution—A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Study

Interfacial Interaction Enhanced Rheological Behavior in PAM/CTAC/Salt Aqueous Solution—A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Study

Development of a method for maintaining the performance of drilling fluids during transportation by Platform Supply Vessel

Impervious synthetic layered silicates coating to restrict the swelling of clay‐rich shales

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