CT Evaluation of Congenital Aural Atresia: What the Radiologist and Surgeon Need to Know

Yeakley, Joel W.; Jahrsdoerfer, Robert A.

doi:10.1097/00004728-199609000-00007

Cited by 88 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Anterolateral displacement of stylomastoid foramen may make the nerve vulnerable to iatrogenic injury. 14 The facial nerve in the present case was found dehiscent with an unexpected hump formation. The dehiscence extended from the 2 nd genu towards the tympanic segment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Anomalous Facial Nerve: An Unusual Cause of Obstruction of Middle Ear Ventilation

Das

Tuli

2015

Kathmandu Univ. Med. J.

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Numerous anomalies and variations of facial nerve anatomy leading to iatrogenic injury are described. However, there are no reports of facial nerve dehiscence near its second genu causing a hump and obstructing middle ear ventilation pathway, as found in our case.This particular anomaly of facial nerve is being reported to highlight its uniqueness and that a dehiscent facial nerve may be a rare but dangerous cause of obstruction of the attic ventilation. One has to be aware of this unusual anomaly to prevent inadvertent damage to the facial nerve while clearing aditus block in persistent otitis media. KEY WORDSFacial nerve, facial nerve anomaly, facial nerve dehiscence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Anomalous Facial Nerve: An Unusual Cause of Obstruction of Middle Ear Ventilation

Das

Tuli

2015

Kathmandu Univ. Med. J.

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“…Middle ear defects can be subtle or severe and include absent or maldevelopment of any of the ossicles, with alteration of other structures of common embryologic origin (such as the course of the facial nerve) (Fig 5). 12,[31][32][33] Jahrsdoerfer et al 34 described a 10-point rating scale for the selection of surgical candidates by comparing high-resolution CT findings with postsurgical hearing results. Using 9 reproducible criteria, one calculates a score to predict postoperative improvement of the speech-reception threshold ( Table 2).…”

Section: Auricular Atresiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Syndromes of the First and Second Branchial Arches, Part 1: Embryology and Characteristic Defects

Johnson¹,

Moonis²,

Green³

et al. 2010

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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SUMMARY:A variety of congenital syndromes affecting the face occur due to defects involving the first and second BAs. Radiographic evaluation of craniofacial deformities is necessary to define aberrant anatomy, plan surgical procedures, and evaluate the effects of craniofacial growth and surgical reconstructions. High-resolution CT has proved vital in determining the nature and extent of these syndromes. The radiologic evaluation of syndromes of the first and second BAs should begin first by studying a series of isolated defects: CL with or without CP, micrognathia, and EAC atresia, which compose the major features of these syndromes and allow more specific diagnosis. After discussion of these defects and the associated embryology, we proceed to discuss the VCFS, PRS, ACS, TCS, Stickler syndrome, and HFM.ABBREVIATIONS: ACS ϭ auriculocondylar syndrome; BA ϭ branchial arch; CL ϭ cleft lip; CL/P ϭ cleft lip/palate; CP ϭ cleft palate; EAC ϭ external auditory canal; HFM ϭ hemifacial microsomia; MDCT ϭ multidetector CT; PRS ϭ Pierre Robin sequence; TCS ϭ Treacher Collins syndrome; VCFS ϭ velocardiofacial syndrome R adiographic evaluation of craniofacial deformities is necessary to define aberrant anatomy, plan surgical procedures, and evaluate the effects of craniofacial growth and surgical reconstructions.1 The recent rapid proliferation of MDCT is due, in part, to the increased utility of this technique for multiplanar bone and soft-tissue imaging. The definition of fine bony structure of the craniofacial anatomy on CT images is unmatched by other modalities. There has also been increased demand for treatment planning along with the advances in high-resolution CT evaluation and 3D reconstruction techniques.Knowledge of the genetic basis of human disease and its effect on embryologic development has expanded greatly in recent years. Disorders of the first and second BA are generally thought to result from a combination of inadequate migration and inadequate formation of facial mesenchyma. Because many structures of the head and neck migrate during fetal development, an understanding of embryologic development helps determine the origin and nature of congenital lesions. Familiarity with craniofacial embryology and its associated effects on resultant anatomy also leads to a better understanding of the pathophysiologic basis of craniofacial syndromes. Additionally, it helps to establish a search pattern for characteristic radiologic features of many of these anomalies.Part 1 of this review establishes the embryology, developmental anatomy, clinical symptoms, and characteristic imaging features of the isolated defects that compose some of the major features of the syndromes of the first and second BAs. Part 2 of this review discusses the syndromes and their radiographic features: PRS, HFM, ACS, TCS, Stickler syndrome, and VCFS. When applicable, the disorders number of the public data base of bibliographic information about human genes and genetic disorders-the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih....

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“…7-10 mm. Yeakley & Jahrsdoerfer [58] betrachten eine Breite von mindestens 3 mm als Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche operative Rekonstruktion (vgl. Abbildungen 3 und 4).…”

Section: Computertomographie Der Großen Mittelohrfehlbildungen: Paukeunclassified

Malformations of the Temporal Bone. Diagnosis and Classification

2006

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ZusammenfassungDie Fehlbildungen des Felsenbeins lassen sich im Wesentlichen als Fehlbildungen des Mittelohrs oder des Innenohrs klassifizieren. Sie können mit Normvarianten der arteriellen und venösen Gefäße sowie einem abnormen Verlauf des N. facialis einhergehen, deren Kenntnis präoperativ von großer Bedeutung ist. Die radiologische Deskription der Mittelohrfehlbildungen durch die Computertomographie liefert relevante Information für die Versorgung mit einem Hörgerät oder einer hör-verbessernden Mittelohroperation. Bei Innenohrfehlbildungen werden durch die Computertomographie und Magnetresonanztomographie die Voraussetzungen für ein Cochlea-Implantat geprüft und Konstellationen erfasst, die ein erhöhtes Komplikationsrisiko bedingen. Kongenitale Liquorfisteln werden besprochen, soweit sie mit Fehlbildungen assoziiert sind. Von den eigentlichen Fehlbildungen des Mittel-und Innenohrs sind Entwicklungsanomalien des Felsenbeins zu unterscheiden. Sie können im Zusammenhang mit einer echten Fehlbildung oder isoliert auftreten. Die Entwicklungsanomalien betreffen neben Normvarianten der arteriellen und venösen Gefäße insbesondere die Form des Processus mastoideus mit den knöchernen Grenzen zur hinteren und mittleren Schädelgrube. Schlüsselwörter: Fehlbildungen · Felsenbein · Mittelohr · Innenohr · Liquorfistel AbstractCongenital malformations of the temporal bone essentially correspond to dysgenesis of the middle and/or inner ear. These malformations are often associated with anatomic variations of arterial and venous vessels as well as an aberrant course of the facial nerve. Anatomic variations as such do not cause functional deficits and should be differentiated from true malformations. The CT appearance of malformations and anatomic variations of the temporal bone has to be understood to facilitate appropriate surgical correction or implantation of hearing devices and to avoid complications during surgical procedures. Several classifications of middle and inner ear malformations are presented. Congenital cerebrospinal fluid fistulae are discussed with respect to their association to inner ear malformations. Developmental anomalies of the temporal bone are an additional point of the discussion. Übersichtsarbeit Neuroradiology ClinicalEinleitung Anatomisch gliedert sich das Schläfenbein (Os temporale) in das Felsenbein (Pars petrosa), die Schläfen-beinschuppe (Pars squamosa), die Pauke (Pars tym-

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CT Evaluation of Congenital Aural Atresia: What the Radiologist and Surgeon Need to Know

Abstract: Thus, a presurgical rating of 8 points translates into an 80% chance of restoring hearing to normal or near-normal levels.

Cited by 88 publications

References 7 publications

Anomalous Facial Nerve: An Unusual Cause of Obstruction of Middle Ear Ventilation

Anomalous Facial Nerve: An Unusual Cause of Obstruction of Middle Ear Ventilation

Syndromes of the First and Second Branchial Arches, Part 1: Embryology and Characteristic Defects

Malformations of the Temporal Bone. Diagnosis and Classification

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