CT-based and morphological comparison of glenoid inclination and version angles and mineralisation distribution in human body donors

Abstract

Background For optimal prosthetic anchoring in omarthritis surgery, a differentiated knowledge on the mineralisation distribution of the glenoid is important. However, database on the mineralisation of diseased joints and potential relations with glenoid angles is limited. Methods Shoulder specimens from ten female and nine male body donors with an average age of 81.5 years were investigated. Using 3D-CT-multiplanar reconstruction, glenoid inclination and retroversion angles were measured, and osteoarthritis signs graded. Computed Tomography-Osteoabsorptiometry (CT-OAM) is an established method to determine the subchondral bone plate mineralisation, which has been demonstrated to serve as marker for the long-term loading history of joints. Based on mineralisation distribution mappings of healthy shoulder specimens, physiological and different CT-OAM patterns were compared with glenoid angles. Results Osteoarthritis grades were 0-I in 52.6% of the 3D-CT-scans, grades II-III in 34.3%, and grade IV in 13.2%, with in females twice as frequently (45%) higher grades (III, IV) than in males (22%, III). The average inclination angle was 8.4°. In glenoids with inclination ≤10°, mineralisation was predominantly centrally distributed and tended to shift more cranially when the inclination raised to > 10°. The average retroversion angle was − 5.2°. A dorsally enhanced mineralisation distribution was found in glenoids with versions from − 15.9° to + 1.7°. A predominantly centrally distributed mineralisation was accompanied by a narrower range of retroversion angles between − 10° to − 0.4°. Conclusions This study is one of the first to combine CT-based analyses of glenoid angles and mineralisation distribution in an elderly population. The data set is limited to 19 individuals, however, indicates that superior inclination between 0° and 10°-15°, and dorsal version ranging between − 9° to − 3° may be predominantly associated with anterior and central mineralisation patterns previously classified as physiological for the shoulder joint. The current basic research findings may serve as basic data set for future studies addressing the glenoid geometry for treatment planning in omarthritis.

Secondary Rotator Cuff Insufficiency After Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

“…The normal mean glenoid inclination was approximately 10°superior when the scapular trigonum is used as a medial landmark 24 . Recently, there has been increasing evidence that more superior glenoid inclination both preoperatively and postoperatively can result in tendon strain and attritional damage progressing to RCT 8,23,25 .…”

Long-Term Comparison of Two- and Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Analyses of Cranial Bone Defects in Severe Parietal Thinning

“…In contrast to conventional methods of CT densitometry, which measure absolute values for bone density in large areas, CT-OAM can demonstrate the relative distribution over the entire surface using a false-color diagram. This technique allows for the detection of differences in relative distribution [15][16][17][18]. CT-OAM was evaluated using Analyze 14.0 (Analyze Direct Inc., Overland Park, KS, USA).…”

“…Headaches occurred together with the development of subjective bony swellings on the skull. History revealed subtotal gastrectomy with T1 lymph node dissection because of a malignant neoplasm (stage pT1(a)N0M0; R0; G3; L0; V0, UICC Ia) three years earlier, which was in ongoing remission after the clinical screening with additional gastroscopy, the first CT, and another 18 F-FDG-PET-CT during follow-up.…”

Preoperative planning to preserve glenoid subchondral bone in anatomical total shoulder replacement

“…The glenoid version and subchondral mineralization variability are affected by gender, ethnicity, shoulder dominance, age, and genetics. 5 , 19 , 24 With respect to genetics, Landau and Hoenecke reported that there is no genetic relationship between the scapular blade and vault, contributing to an extremely variable osseous interaction which is not a characteristic of most other bones. 15 This large variability in glenoid anatomy suggests that there might not be an optimal fixed position to place the glenoid, but instead, it may depend on individual characteristics and regional anatomy.…”