CT and MR Demonstration of Leiomyosarcoma of Inferior Vena Cava

Can the Right Kidney be Salvaged in the Surgical Management of Leiomyosarcoma of the Inferior Vena Cava—a Rare Case Report

“…Hematogenous metastasis has been reported, especially to liver, lung, bone, lymph node and brain. At advance stages lymphatic spread has been documented [7]. Primary leiomyosarcoma of the IVC are reported to occur more often in the fifth and sixth decade of life with a female predominance [3].…”

Surgical Technique of Removal of Inferior Vena Cava Leiomyosarcoma Extending into the Right Atrium without Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest

“…Cavography is sensitive, but not as specific as angiography, and allows planning of venous reconstruction after radical resection 8 . CT allows differentiation between tumor and intraluminal thrombus 8‐11 . MRI demonstrates the extent of the tumor and the involvement of adjacent structures, and is used by some centers as the modality of choice for assessing recurrent tumor growth 12 .…”

“…8 CT allows differentiation between tumor and intraluminal thrombus. [8][9][10][11] MRI demonstrates the extent of the tumor and the involvement of adjacent structures, and is used by some centers as the modality of choice for assessing recurrent tumor growth. 12 In some cases, the precise origin of these tumors cannot be determined preoperatively.…”

Leiomyosarcoma of abdominal veins: Value of MRI with gadolinium DTPA

“…The distinct advantages of MRI have been described [2,3,10,11], including the capability of multiplanar imaging and assessment of vessel patency using flow-void and/or flow enhancement properties.…”