csd gene of honeybee: Genetic structure, functioning, and evolution

Каскинова, М. Д.; Николенко, А. Г.

doi:10.1134/s1022795417010070

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The colony destroys any occurring diploid male during the early development stages, whereas males (drones) developed from unfertilized haploid embryos (one chromosome set) survive (Woyke 1963). CSD which is located in chromosome 3 is 11,734 bp long and consists of 9 exons (Kaskinova and Nikolenko 2017). According to Hasselmann and Beye (2004), these 9 exons are distributed in three regions: 1 to 3, 4 to 5, and 6 to 9 and are separated by two prolonged introns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and population genetic structure analysis of Apis mellifera subspecies in Algeria and Europe based on complementary sex determiner (CSD) gene

et al. 2022

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In honeybees, the mechanism of sex determination depends on genetic variation at the complementary sex determiner (CSD) locus, which has a large allelic diversity. In this study, we examined the population genetic structure and genetic diversity within the highly variable region (HVR) of CSD in five Apis mellifera subspecies, in addition to Buckfast and unknown mixed ancestry bees. We sequenced CSD in 329 drones, 146 from Algeria (A. m. intermissa and A. m. sahariensis subspecies) and 183 from Europe (A. m. ligustica, A. m. carnica, A. m. mellifera subspecies, Buckfast samples, and individuals of unknown mixed ancestry). A total of 119 nucleotide haplotypes were detected. These corresponded to 119 protein haplotypes, of which 81 were new. The analysis of these haplotypes showed that HVR diversity levels were comparable with those in other populations of honeybee worldwide. Paradoxically, this high level of diversity at the locus did not allow for a separation of the samples according to their subspecies origin, which suggested either an evolutionary convergence or a conservation of alleles across subspecies, and an absence of genetic drift. Our results can be used to provide more information about the CSD diversity to include in breeding programs of honeybee populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and population genetic structure analysis of Apis mellifera subspecies in Algeria and Europe based on complementary sex determiner (CSD) gene

et al. 2022

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“…Later, the same phenomenon was reported from the honey bee [6]. Based on these findings, it was suggested that the complementary sex determiner (csd) gene represents the primary signal that directs sexual development [7][8][9]. The product of csd is encoded by an autosomal locus within the SD cascade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Hence, new alleles may appear continuously, as the HVR region is subject to a high level of recombination. As a result of such high levels of polymorphism, it is not surprising that the length and the exact position of the targeted HVR region show rather high levels of variability across these studies [7,9,11,18,21]. In order to retain the ability to compare all honey bee HVR sequences published thus far, we decided to target with our primers those conserved regions that were present in all sequences from the previous studies.…”

Section: Tracking Of Csd Alleles Offers Potential Benefits For Closedmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alternative, High Throughput Method to Identify Csd Alleles of the Honey Bee

Kolics

Parrag

Házi³

et al. 2020

Insects

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Applying instrumental insemination in closely related honey bee colonies often leads to frequent lethality of offspring causing colony collapse. This is due to the peculiarities of honey bee reproductive biology, where the complementary sex determination (csd) gene drives sex determination within a haplodiploid system. Diploid drones containing homozygous genotypes are lethal. Tracking of csd alleles using molecular markers prevents this unwanted event in closed breeding programs. Our approach described here is based on high throughput sequencing (HTS) that provides more data than traditional molecular techniques and is capable of analysing sources containing multiple alleles, including diploid individuals as the bee queen. The approach combines HTS technique and clipping wings as a minimally invasive method to detect the complementary sex determiner (csd) alleles directly from honey bee queens. Furthermore, it might also be suitable for screening alleles of honey harvested from hives of a closed breeding facility. Data on alleles of the csd gene from different honey bee subspecies are provided. It might contribute to future databases that could potentially be used to track the origin of honey. With the help of tracking csd alleles, more focused crossings will be possible, which could in turn accelerate honey bee breeding programmes targeting increase tolerance against varroosis as well.

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“…Samtools was used to extract reads belonging to each sample, which mapped in the genomic interval corresponding to exon 7 of the csd gene, harboring the HVR (Hav3.1_NC_037640.1:11771976-11772119) [ 10 ]. Sample-specific fasta files containing all the sequences falling within the HVR were created, and the CAP3 Sequence Assembly Program (−o 40, −p 90) [ 25 ] was used to cluster sequences and generate contigs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The csd gene is composed of nine exons divided into three clusters that encode an SR-type protein with a putative protein-binding function [ 2 , 7 ]. The third cluster (exons six to nine) contains a highly polymorphic region defined as the hypervariable region (HVR), which shows high variability and includes asparagine/tyrosine repeats varying significantly in number among alleles [ 2 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. In 2013, Beye et al determined that at least five amino acid differences and length variations between the two alleles of the same honeybee are sufficient to regularly induce the female pathway [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Complementary Sex-Determiner (csd) Allele Diversity in Different Honeybee Subspecies from Italy Based on NGS Data

Paolillo

Iorio

Filipe

et al. 2022

Genes

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Sexual regulation in Apis mellifera is controlled by the complementary sex-determiner (csd) gene: females (queens and workers) are heterozygous at this locus and males (drones) are hemizygous. When homozygous diploid drones develop, they are eaten by worker bees. High csd allelic diversity in honeybee populations is a priority for colony survival. The focus of this study is to investigate csd variability in the genomic sequence of the hypervariable region (HVR) of the csd gene in honeybee subspecies sampled in Italy. During the summer of 2017 and 2018, worker bees belonging to 125 colonies were sampled. The honeybees belonged to seven different A. mellifera subspecies: A. m. ligustica, A. m. sicula, A. m cecropia, A. m. carnica, A. m. mellifera, Buckfast and hybrid Carnica. Illumina genomic resequencing of all samples was performed and used for the characterization of global variability among colonies. In this work, a pipeline using existing resequencing data to explore the csd gene allelic variants present in the subspecies collection, based on de novo assembly of sequences falling within the HVR region, is described. On the whole, 138 allelic sequences were successfully reconstructed. Among these, 88 different alleles were identified, 68 of which match with csd alleles present in the NCBI GenBank database.

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csd gene of honeybee: Genetic structure, functioning, and evolution

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Genetic diversity and population genetic structure analysis of Apis mellifera subspecies in Algeria and Europe based on complementary sex determiner (CSD) gene

Genetic diversity and population genetic structure analysis of Apis mellifera subspecies in Algeria and Europe based on complementary sex determiner (CSD) gene

An Alternative, High Throughput Method to Identify Csd Alleles of the Honey Bee

Analysis of Complementary Sex-Determiner (csd) Allele Diversity in Different Honeybee Subspecies from Italy Based on NGS Data

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