Crystallization Processes of Biological Macromolecules

Protein−Salt−Water Solution Phase Diagram Determination by a Combined Experimental−Computational Scheme

“…The supersaturation was highest at the protein inlet at the lowest flow rate case (Figure a), and moved farther downstream as the flow rate increased (Figure c). For tetragonal lysozyme, the labile and precipitation regions can be identified using results from Kam et al (Figure ). The test conditions in the PDV did not enter the precipitation region, but the labile region was entered in all three test cases.…”

“…Location of various regions in the phase diagram using protein concentrations from Figure , salt concentrations from Figure , and literature values for the location of the solubility Red and supersolubility Blue lines at a flow rate of (a) 0.5 μL/h, (b) 1.16 μL/h, and (c) 5 μL/h. S = soluble in light blue, M = metastable in pink, and L = labile in purple.…”

“…The most common method to determine the phase diagram of a protein is parallel batch crystallizations, , where single points in the phase diagram are screened individually. The static batch experiment can be done in combination with a dilution step, where additional buffer is added to a drop in the labile region to determine whether the dilute condition is in the metastable region (crystals do not dissolve).…”

Algorithmic Self-Assembly of DNA

“…Large computations require low concentrations and hence very slow growth rates. This is the algorithmic equivalent of the fact, in conventional crystallization, that large perfect crystals form under conditions of slow growth near the solubility line (Kam et al 1980). A few worked-out examples for the case of the Sierpinski Tiles are illustrative.…”

Investigation of molecular condensation on air-liquid interface for protein crystallization

“…Finally, at the time of reaching protein concentration to supersaturation of the protein solution, protein crystal core was generated. This phenomenon can be occurred in low concentration of protein solution and this is important to produce good quality of the protein crystal [8]. Figure 4 showed underwater discharging by bubble knife in protein solution and micro-bubble line was shown.…”