Crystallization Kinetics and Phase Development of PbO–BaO–SrO–Nb₂O₅–B₂O₃–SiO₂‐Based Glass–Ceramics

Abstract

The nucleation and crystallization kinetics of PbO–BaO–SrO–Nb2O5–B2O3–SiO2‐based glass–ceramics have been investigated. Strontium barium niobate (Sr0.33Ba0.67Nb2O6) with a tetragonal tungsten–bronze structure formed as the major crystalline phase, which nucleates and grows on the surface region of samples. The results of the present study showed an apparent activation energy of 193 kJ/mol for nucleation, which was controlled by the viscous flow of the glass. Quantitative X‐ray analysis and differential thermal analysis showed that the rate‐limiting mechanism of crystallization appeared to be a three‐dimensional interfacial growth, which has an apparent activation energy of 386–430 kJ/mol, a value that is close to the dissociation of Si–O bonds in the glass system.

A critical evaluation of reactive templated grain growth (RTGG) mechanisms in highly [001] textured Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6 ferroelectric-thermoelectrics

“…The complexity of this material results in a high energy barrier for nucleation of this phase (554 kJ/mol), and thus formation of SBN may be strongly improved by seeding of the nucleation process. 15,16 During seeding, the formation of a liquid phase by V 2 O 5 doping was found to strongly influence reaction kinetics and to change the sequence of densification and phase formation. 16 Textured Sr 0.53 Ba 0.47 Nb 2 O 6 (SBN53) ceramics have also been produced from a reactive matrix, and these materials show 69-96% of the single crystal saturation polarization and 76-93% of the single crystal piezoelectric charge coefficient.…”

Crystallization behavior of Bi1.25Y1.75Fe5O12 prepared by coprecipitation process

“…Here, the total area of the crystallization exotherm is between the temperature T i at which crystallization just begins and the temperature T f at which crystallization is complete. The partial area crystallized at a certain temperature is between T i and T [18]. A plot of Log e [ÀLog e (1 À X)] versus Log e F should be a straight line from the slope, which n can be calculated.…”

Nonisothermal Crystallization Kinetics of BixY3−xFe5O12 (0.25≤x≤1.00) Prepared from Coprecipitation Process

“…The total area of the crystallization exotherm is between the temperature T i at which crystallization just begins and the temperature T f at which the crystallization is complete. The partial area crystallized at a certain temperature is between T i and T 21 . A plot of Ln[−Ln(1− X )] versus LnΦ should be a straight line from the slope, which n can be calculated.…”