Crystallization kinetics and nucleating agents for enhancing the crystallization of poly(p‐phenylene sulfide)

Abstract

An experimental study of crystallization kinetics and the influence of nucleating agents on the solidification of poly(p‐phenylene sulfide) (PPS) is described. The effect of molecular weight is considered by investigating PPS samples having different viscosity levels. We studied the effect of a range of nucleating agents including aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, kaolin, and talc. All of these compounds were found to enhance the rate of crystallization; in particular, silicon dioxide, kaolin, and talc were the most effective nucleating agents. An effort to study particle size effects of the silicon dioxide showed that the nucleation was very sensitive to the source of the material. These studies did, however, show that nucleation rates tended to increase with decreasing particle size and increasing loading of silicon dioxide. Comparison of PPS crystallization rates with those of other polymers indicates that it crystallizes much more slowly than polyethylene or isotactic polypropylene and is slower than polyetherether‐ketone, when comparisons are made on an equivalent basis. PPS crystallizes at similar rates to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, our nucleated PPS does not crystallize as rapidly as nucleated PET.

Nonisothermal crystallization of poly(phenylene sulfide) in presence of molten state of crystalline polyamide 6

“…There have been a number of reports on the crystallization and melting behavior of PPS in its blends with other thermoplastics2–14 and liquid crystalline polymers 15–20. In the present article the crystallization behavior of PPS in the presence of a molten state of crystalline polyamide 6 (PA6) is reported.…”

Crystallization behavior of polyphenylenesulfide

“…While lower melt temperatures are attractive from a cost perspective and they minimize the possibility of degradation, it is necessary to use temperatures high enough to ensure that if local reduced temperature zones exist in the processing equipment then complete polymer melting still occurs. A s previously mentioned, a variety of precrystallization melting regimes have been employed to study the crystallization behavior of PPS (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13); these have ranged from residence times of 10 min at 290°C (13) to 10 min at 350°C (8).…”

Overall Investigation of Poly (Phenylene Sulfide) from Synthesis and Process to Applications—A Review

“…The overall crystallization rates were found to be much faster for the solvent‐treated PPS than for the virgin neat PPS. Some other investigators compared different polymers: For example, Song et al . studied the crystallization kinetics and nucleating agents for enhancing the crystallization of PPS.…”

“…The overall crystallization rates were found to be much faster for the solvent-treated PPS than for the virgin neat PPS. Some other investigators compared different polymers: For example, Song et al [79] studied the crystallization kinetics and nucleating agents for enhancing the crystallization of PPS. The comparison of PPS crystallization rates with those of other polymers indicates that it crystallizes much more slowly than polyethylene or isotactic polypropylene.…”