“…In a typical preparation procedure, titanium (IV) isoproxide (TTIP, 99.95%, Fluka Sigma-Aldrich) was added drop-wise under vigorous stirring into the mixture solution containing ethanol (99.9%; Merck Germany), 10 ml glacial acetic acid, boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) [6,7,10] and nickel nitrate Ni(NO 3 ).6H 2 O [10] corresponding to different Ni/Ti proportioning of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 %mol while B dosage was fixed at 5 mol%, and stirred for 60 min at a room temperature, after that Ni /B/TiO 2 sol was coated on glass substrates (5x20x0.3 cm 3 ) by dipping at room temperature. Before coating, the glass substrates were cleaned with ultrasonic for 15 min, then washed with distilled water and dried at 60°C for 15 min.…”