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VI-244 4.6. Poly(benzimidazoles) VI-245 4.7. Poly(benzothiazinophenothiazines) VI-245 4.8. Poly(benzothiazoles) VI-245 4.9. Poly(benzoxazlnes) VI-245 4.10. Poly(benzoxazoles) VI-245 4.11. Poly(carboranes) VI-245 4.12. Poly(dibenzofurans) VI-246 4.13. Poly(dioxoisoindolines) VI-246 4.14. Poly(fluoresceins) VI-247 4.15. Poly(furan tetracarboxylic acid diimides) VI-247 4.16. Poly(oxabicyclononanes) VI-247 4.17. Poly(oxadiazoles) VI-248 4.18. Poly(oxindoles) VI-248 4.19. Poly(oxoisoindolines) VI-248 4.20. Poly(phthalazines) VI-248 4.21. Poly(phthalides) VI-248 4.22. Poly(piperazines) VI-248 4.23. Poly(piperidines) VI-249 4.24. Poly(pyrazinoquinoxalines) VI-249 4.25. Poly(pyrazoles) VI-249 4.26. Poly(pyridazines) VI-249 4.27. Poly(pyridines) VI-249 4.28. Poly(pyromellitimides) VI-249 4.29. Poly(pyrrolidines) VI-250 4.30. Poly(quinones) VI-250 4.31. Poly(quinoxalines) VI-250 4.32. Poly(triazines) VI-252 4.33. Poly(triazoles) VI-252 Table 5. Copolymers VI-252 G. References VI-253 A. INTRODUCTIONAmorphous (noncrystalline) polymeric solids are either glasses or rubbers. A glassy polymer lacks long range order, and is below the temperature at which molecular motions take place on the time scale of the experiment. A rubbery polymer is above the temperature at which molecular motions take place on the time scale of the experiment. The glass transition temperature, T g , is the critical temperature that separates glassy behavior from rubbery behavior. Many amorphous solids, including polymers, organic liquids, biomaterials, some metals and alloys, and inorganic oxide glasses, exhibit glass transition temperatures. The dramatic change in the local movement of polymer chains at T g leads to large changes in a host of physical properties. These properties include density, specific heat, mechanical modulus, mechanical energy absorption, dielectric coefficients, acoustical properties, viscosity, and the rate of gas or liquid diffusion through the polymer, to name a few. Any of these properties can be used, at least in a crude manner, to determine T g . References page VI -253 Specific volume Gl assCrystal l i zati on vol ume change Li qui d
VI-244 4.6. Poly(benzimidazoles) VI-245 4.7. Poly(benzothiazinophenothiazines) VI-245 4.8. Poly(benzothiazoles) VI-245 4.9. Poly(benzoxazlnes) VI-245 4.10. Poly(benzoxazoles) VI-245 4.11. Poly(carboranes) VI-245 4.12. Poly(dibenzofurans) VI-246 4.13. Poly(dioxoisoindolines) VI-246 4.14. Poly(fluoresceins) VI-247 4.15. Poly(furan tetracarboxylic acid diimides) VI-247 4.16. Poly(oxabicyclononanes) VI-247 4.17. Poly(oxadiazoles) VI-248 4.18. Poly(oxindoles) VI-248 4.19. Poly(oxoisoindolines) VI-248 4.20. Poly(phthalazines) VI-248 4.21. Poly(phthalides) VI-248 4.22. Poly(piperazines) VI-248 4.23. Poly(piperidines) VI-249 4.24. Poly(pyrazinoquinoxalines) VI-249 4.25. Poly(pyrazoles) VI-249 4.26. Poly(pyridazines) VI-249 4.27. Poly(pyridines) VI-249 4.28. Poly(pyromellitimides) VI-249 4.29. Poly(pyrrolidines) VI-250 4.30. Poly(quinones) VI-250 4.31. Poly(quinoxalines) VI-250 4.32. Poly(triazines) VI-252 4.33. Poly(triazoles) VI-252 Table 5. Copolymers VI-252 G. References VI-253 A. INTRODUCTIONAmorphous (noncrystalline) polymeric solids are either glasses or rubbers. A glassy polymer lacks long range order, and is below the temperature at which molecular motions take place on the time scale of the experiment. A rubbery polymer is above the temperature at which molecular motions take place on the time scale of the experiment. The glass transition temperature, T g , is the critical temperature that separates glassy behavior from rubbery behavior. Many amorphous solids, including polymers, organic liquids, biomaterials, some metals and alloys, and inorganic oxide glasses, exhibit glass transition temperatures. The dramatic change in the local movement of polymer chains at T g leads to large changes in a host of physical properties. These properties include density, specific heat, mechanical modulus, mechanical energy absorption, dielectric coefficients, acoustical properties, viscosity, and the rate of gas or liquid diffusion through the polymer, to name a few. Any of these properties can be used, at least in a crude manner, to determine T g . References page VI -253 Specific volume Gl assCrystal l i zati on vol ume change Li qui d
The creation of new polymer compounds to be added to asphalt has drawn considerable attention because these substances have succeeded in modifying the asphalt rheologic characteristics and physical properties for the enhancement of its behavior during the time of use. This work explains the synthesis of a new graft copolymer based on an asphalt fraction called asphaltene, modified with maleic anhydride. Polystyrene functionalization is conducted in a parallel fashion in order to obtain polybenzylamine resin with an amine - NH2 free group, that reacts with the anhydride graft groups in the asphaltene, thus obtaining the new Polystyrene/Asphaltene graft copolymer.
The immiscibility in branched low-density polyethylene film was researched using techniques of instrumental analysis (FTIR, DRX, DSC, TGA, SEC-GPC, SEM-EDX) and rheometry (DMA, Capillary Rheomether). It was determined that immiscibility occurs when there are microentities generated by an undesirable polymer found in a low proportion in the mixture, characterized by different morphological and rheological properties regarding the LDPE prime, which makes up the plastic film. It was found that the LDPE polymer which forms the "fish-eyes" microentities has a wider distribution of molecular weights, low cristallinity, greater branching and a rheological behavior unlike the LDPE prime, causing this phenomenon in the extrusion process of the blown film. This is considered a significant defect in the quality of plastic film used for general-purpose packing.
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