“…The X-ray structure of several type 1 RIPs, as -and -momorcarin (Husain et al, 1994;Yuan et al, 1999), PAP (Mozingo et al, 1993), -trichosanthin (Gao et al, 1994), cucurmarin (Chen et al, 2000), MAP30 (Miyano et al, 1992), gelonin (Hosur et al, 1995), bryodin 1 (Gawlak et al, 1997), saporin-S6 (Savino et al, 2000), and -luYn (Ma et al, 2003) and type 2 RIPs, as ricin (Rutenber et al, 1991), shiga toxin (Fraser et al, 1994), abrin A (Tahirov et al, 1995), ebulin 1 (Pascal et al, 2001), and viscumin (Sweeney et al, 1993) is known (reviewed in Robertus and Monzingo, 2004). It appears that widely distributed RIPs of both types must originate from the same ancestor and assume the same "RIP fold.…”