Crystalline silicon photovoltaic module degradation: Galvanic corrosion and its solution

Rabelo, Matheus; Yousuf, Hasnain; Cha, Yewon; Dao, Vinh Ai; Kim, Young-Kuk; Pham, Duy Phong; Yi, Junsin

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106329

Engineering Failure Analysis

2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106329

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Crystalline silicon photovoltaic module degradation: Galvanic corrosion and its solution

Matheus Rabelo

Hasnain Yousuf

Yewon Cha

et al.

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Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…

Corrosion is one of the significant degradation modes for crystalline silicon photovoltaic (c-Si PV) modules. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The major factor causing corrosion degradation of c-Si PV modules is moisture and atmospheric gases, which can permeate into glass/ back-sheet modules and glass/glass modules through permeable back-sheet and the edge of modules, respectively. [8,9] Once water vapor and gases come into PV modules, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant will be decomposed to generate acetic acid.

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confidence: 99%

Potential‐Induced Electrochemical Corrosion in Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

Hao,

Yang,

Han

et al. 2024

Solar RRL

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In this paper, the electrochemical corrosion of full‐area aluminum back surface field (Al‐BSF) and bifacial passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells subjected to different potential in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution is systematically investigated. Based on different potential‐induced corrosion, the electrochemical corrosion mechanism of c‐Si solar cells is revealed for the first time. Under zero potential, an important finding is that the silicon beneath silver electrode is corroded and perforated for Al‐BSF cells. This phenomenon is attributed to the interaction between hydroxide ions from galvanic corrosion and electrons from silicon corrosion. For bifacial PERC cells, the pyramidal structure of silicon surface beneath the aluminum finger is observed at zero potential, which is similar to the silicon texturing etched in alkaline environment. Additionally, it is found that silicon corrosion is inhibited when positive or negative potential is applied to the back of Al‐BSF and bifacial PERC cells. Moreover, it is observed the aluminum suffers from more serious corrosion at positive potential than that at zero or negative potential, which is attributed to synthetical results of galvanic corrosion and electrolytic corrosion. This work provides a new insight on the potential‐induced electrochemical corrosion for c‐Si solar cells.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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confidence: 99%

Potential‐Induced Electrochemical Corrosion in Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

Hao,

Yang,

Han

et al. 2024

Solar RRL

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“…[1][2][3] Regarding these, the long-term stability and reliability of the PV system are critical aspects of the installation selection. Typical PV modules have a 25-year lifespan, [4,5] although some have exceeded 30 years. The duration of the warranty is mostly determined by the quality of PV production.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Solder Flux on Resistive Solder Bond Hotspot Generation in Photovoltaic Module Circuit Process and Restoration of Hotspot Module

Han

Cho

et al. 2023

Energy Tech

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In photovoltaic (PV) modules, resistive solder bond (RSB) hotspots are the primary cause for a reduction in output power of over 25%. They may be the result of inadequate soldering between the busbars and/or between the busbars and the interconnector ribbon during the circuit assembly procedure for the PV module. This study proposes a straightforward, dependable, and rapid method for reducing RSB hotspots in PV modules using additional solder flux during the circuit soldering process. The soldering of PV modules is examined in accordance with actual conditions present in PV module manufacturers during the manufacture of circuits. Using the tab pull test and the damp heat test, respectively, the bonding strength and dependability of the soldered connectors are evaluated. Connectors soldered with flux have a void ratio of 10% that is five times lower than connectors soldered without flux. In addition, connectors with flux decrease soldering strength by a range of −1.54% to −7.69%, whereas connectors without flux decrease soldering strength by a range of −17.39% to −29.31%. During long‐term reliability evaluations on repaired 370A and 370B samples, the RSB hotspots are substantially reduced by incorporating additional flux into the circuit process. In addition, the application of additional solder at the busbar to interconnetor ribbon soldering site prevents RSB hotspots effectively. The results are anticipated to provide comprehensive and straightforward solutions for significantly reducing RSB hotspot failures in commercial PV modules.

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Evaluation of hydrophobic/hydrophilic and antireflective coatings for photovoltaic panels

Rajbahadur,

Kumar,

Negi

et al. 2024

J Coat Technol Res

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Crystalline silicon photovoltaic module degradation: Galvanic corrosion and its solution

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Potential‐Induced Electrochemical Corrosion in Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

Potential‐Induced Electrochemical Corrosion in Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

Effect of Solder Flux on Resistive Solder Bond Hotspot Generation in Photovoltaic Module Circuit Process and Restoration of Hotspot Module

Evaluation of hydrophobic/hydrophilic and antireflective coatings for photovoltaic panels

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