Crystal growth of alkaline earth fluorides in a reactive atmosphere

Pastor, R.C.; Arita, K.

doi:10.1016/0025-5408(75)90173-7

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These components caused special problems as they are present not only in the initial raw material, but are also absorbed on powder and content in growth atmosphere. The oxygen content commonly originated from OH -impurity [52]. When such impurities are present they can be accompanied by complexes like Me(OH) 2 [53].…”

Section: Influence Of Single-crystal Perfection On Scintillation Charmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scintillators: Crystal Growth and Scintillator Performance

Gektin

2010

Bulk Crystal Growth of Electronic, Optical &Amp; Optoelectronic Materials

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Section: Influence Of Single-crystal Perfection On Scintillation Charmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scintillators: Crystal Growth and Scintillator Performance

Gektin

2010

Bulk Crystal Growth of Electronic, Optical &Amp; Optoelectronic Materials

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“…Later, a technically simpler and equally effective method for purification of a melt from traces of oxygen by fluorination with tetrafluoroethylene pyrolysis products was used. This was proposed in [32] and studied in detail in [33]. However, this method has temperature limitations since corrosion of the graphite elements becomes noticeable with its rise [33].…”

Section: Chemical Processes During Mixture Preparation and Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Single Crystals of the Nonstoicmometric Fluorite Phases M1-xRxF2+x (M = Ca, Sr, Ba; R = Rare Earth Elements) by the Bridgman-Stockbarger Method

Соболев¹,

Жмурова²,

Karelin³

et al. 1991

Growth of Crystals

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INTRODUCTIONResearch on the preparation and study of single-crystalline M 1 -N2+x (R = rare earth element, REE) materials with large deviations from stoichiometry began at the Institute of Crystallography of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in 1963. The efforts were continued in cooperation with the chemistry staff of Moscow State University. Progress on the quest and preparation of crystals of nonstoichiometric fluorides for quantum electronics up to 1978 was reviewed in dissertations [2]. However, a large part of the data on growth of M 1 -N2+x single crystals is scattered over a large number of obscure publications.The purpose of the present article is to review and correlate all work published by us on the growth of M 1 -xRxf'2+x fluorite phase crystals.The uniqueness of this family of crystals and hence the unwavering interest in their preparation and study consists in the gross deviations from stoichiometry which permit fluorite structural types with heterovalent substitution of M2+ by R3+ (up to 50 mole % RF 3 ). Changes in the physical and physicochemical characteristics of the crystals are effected and controlled as a result of the gross nonstoichiometry. Mechanical, radiative, thermal, chemical, optical, transport, acoustic, and other structurally sensitive characteristics are affected.The M 1 -xRxf'2+x phases are the most striking with respect to nonstoichiometry and most feasible from the viewpoint of technological production among the more than 150 types of known fluorites with gross stoichiometric imbalance [1]. Numerically, they comprise a third of all known types (according to qualitative chemical compOSition) of fluorite-fluoride nonstoichiometric (two-component) phases.The scope of our program characteristically includes preparation of single crystalS of the M 1 -xRxf'2+x nonstoichiometric fluorite phases for the whole concentration region covering hundredths of a fraction of a percent to saturation, i.e., -50 mole % RF 3 . Numerous publications by other authors have appeared for REE trifluoride concentrations of 1-3 mole %. Review of these is a separate task. Few articles can be singled out on the preparation of single crystals with high contents of RF 3 . The most systematic of these should be mentioned [3][4][5][6]. In particular, the high content of heterovalent impurities in the CaF 2 structure is of prime 65 K. S. Bagdasarov et al. (eds.), Growth of Crystals

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“…Desta forma, obtêm-se materiais fluoretos de melhor qualidade mediante o uso de uma atmosfera reativa; isto é conhecido como RAP, reactive atmosphere processing, em inglês, ou processamento em atmosfera reativa, em português [48]. Diversas substâncias podem ser empregadas como atmosfera reativa, entre elas: CF 4 , C 2 F 4 , SF 6 , BF 3 e o próprio HF.…”

Section: -Hidrofluorinação E Síntese De Fluoretosunclassified

“…Diversas substâncias podem ser empregadas como atmosfera reativa, entre elas: CF 4 , C 2 F 4 , SF 6 , BF 3 e o próprio HF. Cada um desses gases possui uma faixa ótima de temperatura para reação, e alguns podem introduzir diferentes impurezas no composto de interesse [49,50]. As reações envolvidas nestes processos são dependentes das características químicas dos compostos envolvidos.…”

Crystal growth of alkaline earth fluorides in a reactive atmosphere

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

Scintillators: Crystal Growth and Scintillator Performance

Scintillators: Crystal Growth and Scintillator Performance

Preparation of Single Crystals of the Nonstoicmometric Fluorite Phases M1-xRxF2+x (M = Ca, Sr, Ba; R = Rare Earth Elements) by the Bridgman-Stockbarger Method

Análise térmica e equilíbrios de fase no sistema BaF2 - YF3

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