Crystal growth by Bridgman and Czochralski method of the ferromagnetic quantum critical material YbNi 4 P 2

Abstract

The tetragonal YbNi 4 P 2 is one of the rare examples of compounds that allow the investigation of a ferromagnetic quantum critical point. We report in detail on two different methods which have been used to grow YbNi 4 P 2 single crystals from a self-flux. The first, a modified Bridgman method, using a closed crucible system yields needle-shaped single crystals oriented along the [001]-direction. The second method, the Czochralski growth from a levitating melt, yields large single crystals which can be cut in any desired orientation. With this crucible-free method, samples without flux inclusions and a resistivity ratio at 1.8 K of RR 1.8K = 17 have been grown.

Analysis of the crystal electric field parameters of YbNi4P2

“…Heat capacity was measured on single crystals of YbNi 4 P 2 and LuNi 4 P 2 in a conventional PPMS by Quantum Design. The single-crystal growth of YbNi 4 P 2 by Bridgman technique and the synthesis of polycrystalline LuNi 4 P 2 are described in references [14] and [15]. The magnetic contribution to the heat capacity of YbNi 4 P 2 , C mag , can be obtained from the difference C(YbNi 4 P 2 )−C(LuNi 4 P 2 ), since the phonons of both compounds are expected to be very similar.…”

Cascade of Magnetic-Field-Induced Lifshitz Transitions in the Ferromagnetic Kondo Lattice Material YbNi4P2

“…Our measurements on single crystalline samples [33] focus on a magnetic field B∥c above B c , which suppresses the ferromagnetic order. We performed resistivity measurements on two samples with current I∥c.…”

Characterization of YbNi4(P1–xAsx)2,x= 0, 0.2 single crystals grown by Czochralski method

“…4 The substituted compound YbNi 4 (P 1−x As x ) 2 , x = 0.2 The growth of the substituted compound by the Czochralski method Fig. 2, was done similarily to that reported in [5]. The liquidus temperature is measured during the growth experiments.…”

“…This single crystal had a conical shape with a diameter of 3 − 9 mm and a length of 14 mm. It belongs to a new generation of single crystals grown from a levitating melt by the Czochralski method [5].…”