Crystal fields and Kondo effect: New results for the magnetic susceptibility

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThe water quality of Feng-qing Lake, which is a landscape lake supplemented with reclaimed water, was surveyed to investigate the relationship between phytoplankton and environmental variables. A total of 29 water samples were collected to analyze temporal variations of phytoplankton and environmental factors from July 2013 to June 2014. Six phyla and 39 genera of phytoplankton were identified when the lake was supplied with reclaimed water. Among these, Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta account for 38.46% and 30.77% of phytoplankton, respectively. The dominant species in the lake are Pseudanabaena limnetica and Chlorella vulgaris, which are present the entire year. Other leading species include Cosmarium sp. and Raphidiopsis curvata. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to analyze the relationship among environmental factors. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was performed to investigate the relationship between environment factors and dominant species. The PCA result showed that temperature (T), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), transparency, and dissolved oxygen are the main factors that affect the eutrophication level of the lake. The CCA result revealed that TN, PO 4 3− -P, chemical oxygen demand (COD), T, and chlorophyll a exhibit a close relation with dominant species. In particular, TN, salinity, and COD influence the growth of P. limnetica; T and COD influence the growth of R. curvata; and T, PO 4 3− -P, NH 3 -N, and pH influence the growth of C. vulgaris and Cosmarium sp.

Kondo screening and beyond: An x-ray absorption and dichroism study ofCePt5/Pt(111)

“…On the one hand, we find from Ref. 60 that in the limit of ∆ 1 T K a moment reduction of this order is expected at T /T K ≈ 0.085, which would nicely fit with a Kondo scale in the range of some 10 2 K. On the other, looking at the calculated susceptibility, we find that χ || should nearly have reached a temperature independent value in this temperature range, which is strongly at variance with our experimental findings. We thus arrive at a similar conclusion as with respect to the NCA scheme above: while some useful connections with the solutions to the impurity Kondo problem can be established, the occurrence of a separate low-energy scale impedes a more thorough analysis on their basis.…”

Tuning Magnetic Properties of a Carbon Nanotube-Lanthanide Hybrid Molecular Complex through Controlled Functionalization

“…Such features are further indication of a highly correlated spin system and have before been identified as signatures of Kondo effect, where the point of deviation given as an indication of the Kondo temperature [ 30 , 31 ]. As shown in Figure 6 b, we determine Kondo onset temperatures (T K ) [ 31 , 32 ] of 132, 155, 188 and 202 K as a function on increasing Gd concentration. These findings are in agreement with the analysis of the Raman deconvolution study and shed light onto how structural degradation and magnetic loading can lead to enhanced spin correlations in functionalized carbon systems as recently demonstrated through the observation of the impurity Kondo effect [ 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Crystal fields and Kondo effect: Magnetic susceptibility of Cerium ions in axial crystal fields

“…The calculation of thermodynamic properties follows the lines presented in the preceding publications [10,12]. Details will be published elsewhere [20].…”