Crystal field of octahedral Yb3+ centers in a CsCaF3 crystal

Subnanometer optical linewidth of thulium atoms in rare-gas crystals

“…It cannot be excluded that clusters or oxides of thulium could be contributing to these observations, however, the strength of the fluorescence features correlates with our subsequent observation of infrared lines at 1140 nm, meaning the observed features are likely to be coming from atomic thulium. for rare earth atoms trapped in fluoride crystals [33][34][35], however, the much weaker van der Waals bonding in noble gas solids might contribute a scaled down version of this effect. It is also possible that the splitting could be due to multiple trapping sites with a small shift between them, but this would have to occur similarly in both neon and argon.…”

“…for rare earth atoms trapped in fluoride crystals [33][34][35], however, the much weaker van der Waals bonding in noble gas solids might contribute a scaled down version of this effect. It is also possible that the splitting could be due to multiple trapping sites with a small shift between them, but this would have to occur similarly in both neon and argon.…”

“…In the former case the 2 F 7/2 level splits into 3 sub-levels, and the 2 F 5/2 splits into 2 sublevels. In the latter case the levels are maximally split into 3 and 4 sub-levels, respectively [34]. Since both neon and argon have fcc crystal structures, it is possible that the trapping center could fall into either category.…”

EPR, ENDOR and optical spectroscopy of Yb3+ ion in KZnF3 single crystals

“…the Hamiltonian of the interaction between the Yb 3 þ ion and the crystal field of tetragonal symmetry was written in the conventional form and S′ is the operator of the effective spin S′ ¼1/2 of the Yb 3 þ ion were calculated with the wave functions of the Kramers ground state doublet. Then seven theoretical quantities (two g-factors and five values of the energy differences) were used for the leastsquare approximation (similar to the procedure described in [10]) of the corresponding experimental values in order to find the best values of g-factors, crystal field parameters and spin-orbit interaction. The theoretical values of the energy levels and g-factors along with the transformation properties of the corresponding states are presented in Table 2.…”