Crystal data for β-PbO<sub>2</sub>

Harada, Hirofumi; Sasa, Y.; Uda, M.

doi:10.1107/s0021889881008959

Cited by 52 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Lead has two major polymorphs, alpha and beta, which occur naturally as rare minerals scrutinyite and plattnerite, respectively. XRD pattern of the PbO 2 obtained from cathode used car battery has the same pattern as beta phase of tetragonal crystal structure with lattice constants a = 4.91 Å and c = 3.385 Å with space group P42/mnm [9]. After heated it at 600 C for 5 hours, PbO 2 can be converted into PbO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Composition and crystal structure of perovskite films attained from electrodes of used car battery

Dhiaputra¹,

Permana²,

Maulana³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Composition and crystal structure of perovskite films attained from electrodes of used car battery

Dhiaputra¹,

Permana²,

Maulana³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…Dua jenis kristal PbO dapat dibentuk, yaitu litharge dan massicot [11]. Hasil pengukuran XRD dari bubuk PbO dan JCPDS dari kedua struktur kristal PbO diperlihatkan pada Gambar 2.…”

Section: Gambar 2 Pola Xrd Dari Bubuk Pbo Hasil Sintesis Dan Jcpds Kunclassified

Sifat Optik dan Struktur Kristal Material Perovskite yang Disintesis dari Baterai Bekas Mobil

Bahtiar

Syifa

Nurazizah

et al. 2017

JIIF

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Abstrak. Sel-surya berbahan aktif material perovskite telah banyak menarik perhatian banyak peneliti, karena mampu menghasilkan efisiensi di atas 20%, mendekati sel-surya komersial Silikon. Namun, material timbal halida (PbI2) sebagai material utama pembentuk material perovskite CH3NH3PbI3, harganya masih cukup mahal, sehingga menjadi kendala untuk dapat digunakan sebagai material aktif sel-surya, jika sel-surya diproduksi secara massal. Diperlukan sumber material lain yang tersedia melimpah, murah dan mudah dalam pemrosesannya untuk membuat material PbI2. Sebagai alternatif, sumber material timbal untuk membuat material timbal iodida (PbI2) yang tersedia melimpah adalah baterai mobil. Material elektroda dari baterai mobil terdiri dari timbal sebagai katoda dan timbal dioksida sebagai anoda. Material-material tersebut berupa bubuk sehingga mudah untuk disintesis menjadi PbI2 melalui reaksi kimia sederhana. Keberhasilan mensintesis material PbI2 dari material bekas elektroda mobil menjadi kunci bagi pengembangan sel-surya perovskite yang berbiaya murah. Telah dilakukan sintesis PbI2 dari elektroda bekas baterai mobil melalui reaksi kimia. Hasil pengukuran EDS menunjukkan bahwa PbI2 hasil sintesis memiliki kemurnian 95% dan memiliki komposisi atomik yang lebih baik daripada produk komersial. Spektra UV-Vis dan XRD dari film PbI2 hasil sintesis memiliki karakteristik yang sama dengan produk komersial, sehingga hasil sintesis ini dapat dijadikan sebagai material perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 untuk sel-surya. Material perovskite yang dispin-coating di atas lapisan titanium dioksida memperlihatkan struktur kristal perovskite. Hasil riset ini menunjukkan bahwa material elektroda baterai bekas mobil dapat dijadikan sebagai material aktif selsurya perovskite yang murah, sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomi limbah baterai bekas melalui pemanfaatan timbal menjadi material perovskite yang bernilai tinggi.Kata kunci : sel-surya, perovskite, baterai bekas mobil, timbal oksida, timbal iodida Abstract. Perovskite solar cells have attracted many researchers, because it can produce efficiency above 20%, which is close to silicon commercial solar cells. However, lead halide (PbI 2 ) material as the main material for perovskite CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , is still quite expensive, making it an obstacle to be used as an active solar cell material for massal production. Other abundance available sources of material, cheap and easy to be processed into PbI2 are highly required. Alternatively, the available and abundance source of lead material for making the lead iodide (PbI2) is the waste of car battery. The electrode of the car battery consists of lead (Pb) as cathode and lead dioxide (PbO2) as anode. Theese materials are powders that are easy to synthesize into PbI2 through simple chemical reactions. The successful synthesis of PbI2 from used car electrodes is a key for development of low-cost perovskite solar cells. PbI2 from the electrode car battery was succesfully synthesized through a simple chemical reaction. EDS measurements show that sy...

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“…Ce type d'arrangement PbOxE (E doublet libre d'e´lectrons) a e´teś ouvent utilise´pour de´crire la ge´ome´trie de diffe´rents environnements du plomb (6). Ne´anmoins, il faudrait e´gale-ment souligner que ce type de tre`s courtes distances Pb''-O (de l'ordre de 2.13-2.20 A s ) a de´ja`e´te´observe´dans d'autres compose´s comme PbO ou Pb O par example (15,16).…”

Section: Resolution Des Structuresunclassified

Etude Structurale D'Orthovanadates D'Alcalins et de Plomb Cristallisant avec la Structure Apatite Lacunaire

Azrour¹,

Ammari²,

Fur

et al. 1998

Journal of Solid State Chemistry

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Crystal data for β-PbO₂

Abstract: The temperature factor (B = 0.70 Å2) and atomic parameter (x = 0.305) were determined by comparing the observed and calculated powder diffraction data for synthetic β‐PbO2. This material is tetragonal with a = 4.961 (2), c = 3.385 (2) Å, and space group P4/mnm.

Cited by 52 publications

References 3 publications

Composition and crystal structure of perovskite films attained from electrodes of used car battery

Composition and crystal structure of perovskite films attained from electrodes of used car battery

Sifat Optik dan Struktur Kristal Material Perovskite yang Disintesis dari Baterai Bekas Mobil

Etude Structurale D'Orthovanadates D'Alcalins et de Plomb Cristallisant avec la Structure Apatite Lacunaire

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Crystal data for β-PbO2

Abstract: The temperature factor (B = 0.70 Å2) and atomic parameter (x = 0.305) were determined by comparing the observed and calculated powder diffraction data for synthetic β‐PbO2. This material is tetragonal with a = 4.961 (2), c = 3.385 (2) Å, and space group P4/mnm.

Cited by 52 publications

References 3 publications

Composition and crystal structure of perovskite films attained from electrodes of used car battery

Composition and crystal structure of perovskite films attained from electrodes of used car battery

Sifat Optik dan Struktur Kristal Material Perovskite yang Disintesis dari Baterai Bekas Mobil

Etude Structurale D'Orthovanadates D'Alcalins et de Plomb Cristallisant avec la Structure Apatite Lacunaire

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Crystal data for β-PbO₂