Cryptostroma corticale and sooty bark disease of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus)

Gregory, P. H.; Waller, Stefanie Bressan

doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(51)80043-3

Cited by 32 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A major threat to sycamore maples in Europe is sooty bark disease (SBD), whose outbreaks follow hot and dry summers. This disease was first reported in Wanstead Park (London, Great Britain) in 1945 and was considered a new introduction most likely from North America (Gregory and Waller ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent observations of sooty bark disease of sycamore maple in Prague (Czech Republic) and the phylogenetic placement of Cryptostroma corticale

2014

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Summary The anamorphic fungus Cryptostroma corticale (Xylariaceae) causing sooty bark disease (SBD) of Acer pseudoplatanus has been reported within the past decade in several European countries. In the last decade, severe drought conditions during summer also resulted in an outbreak of SBD in park areas in Prague (Czech Republic). Trees with the typical syndromes were recorded in four localities in Prague. Some trees were also located in the alluvial plain of the Vltava River with groundwater available all year long. We suppose that the trees were stressed by full water saturation for several months after flood in 2012 and that SBD was triggered by anoxia and subsequent phytopththora root rot. Sterile fungi isolated from one tree and one lesion were identified as C. corticale based on the similarity of their ITS rDNA sequences with strains of C. corticale in a public collection. Furthermore, C. corticale was placed in the family Xylariaceae within the genus Biscogniauxia based on phylogenetic analysis of four genes (ITS nrDNA, actin, RPB2 and β‐tubulin). The closest relatives are B. bartholomei and Graphostroma platystoma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Necrotized bark peels off and exposes a dark spore mass. The dead host remains covered with dark stroma after spore dispersion by wind (Gregory and Waller ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent observations of sooty bark disease of sycamore maple in Prague (Czech Republic) and the phylogenetic placement of Cryptostroma corticale

2014

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“…He identified the causal agent as Coniosporium corticale Ellis & Everhart, a fungus already known to attack maple trees in North America, and surmised that infection originated in the nearby East End docks. Although the feared epidemic did not materialize and gaseous pollution may well have contributed to the rapid deaths of the trees, he gained much satisfaction in unraveling the taxonomy of the fungus, for which he had to create a new genus, Cryptostroma (18). In view of his later interest in farmer's lung, it is coincidental that this fungus caused maple bark stripper's disease in North America, the first form of extrinsic allergic alveolitis to be identified with a fungal cause.…”

Section: Rothamstedmentioning

confidence: 99%

PHILIP HERRIES GREGORY 1907–1986: Pioneer Aerobiologist, Versatile Mycologist

Lacey

Lacey²,

Fitt³

1997

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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Philip Gregory pioneered aerobiology as a topic for research, drawing together inputs from many disciplines to contribute to better understanding of fungal spore dispersal, plant disease epidemiology, and allergy. In childhood, he was interested in natural history and meteorology and frequently suffered from asthma. Initially, he worked with dermatophytes in Winnipeg, where he was influenced by Buller. Returning to Britain, he investigated the epidemiology first of flower bulb diseases and then of potato virus diseases, noting the occurrence of disease gradients in crops. He developed theories of spore dispersal during wartime air-raid duties and published these in his classic paper of 1945. The remainder of his career was largely spent obtaining data in support of his theories of spore dispersal and disease gradients, on understanding splash dispersal, in identifying the cause of farmer's lung disease, and in his retirement, in elucidating the epidemiology of black pod disease of cocoa in Nigeria.Philip Gregory will be remembered best as a pioneer of aerobiology, a subject that interested him for most of his life, not only for research but also because of his personal encounters with asthma. However, this was only one strand in a varied career. He likened the development of aerobiology to the history of a river that gathers together different streams into the whole (10, 12). Its origin may not be evident initially but can be traced back only in retrospect to a wet patch or an upland bog here, a spring or rivulet there. At times, branches leave the main stream only to rejoin it later. The development of his career 1

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“…In 1950 John Dearness, then aged 99 years, wrote me an account of his original finding and sent specimens for comparison, thus establishing the identity. The fungus had been placed in Coniosporium by Ellis and Everhart, but was clearly an undescribed genus which we named Cryptostroma (18).…”

Section: Sooty Bark Disease Of Sycamore (Acer Pseudo Plat Anus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spores in Air

Gregory

1977

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 1977.15:1-13 INTRODUCTIONMy interest in aerobiology arose from discrete sources which in time converged like streams feeding a river. This attempt to identify the SOurces of an obsession inevita bly ignores many other concurrent interests.Interest in biology seems to me to have been my personal reaction as an asthmatic brought up in a sincere, but in my view mistaken, fundamentalist environment. But by now this is an irrelevant part of the story. Progress toward plant pathology as a specialism was slow. Improbable as it may seem, a Ministry of Agriculture advisory leaflet on potato blight was a factor suggesting a topic both interesting and useful.At the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, William Brown habitually set his research students two problems, one on pectic enzymes, and the other a fi eld problem. I neglected the enzymes to concentrate on fusarium bulb rot of narcissus. George H. Pethybridge asked me whether the pathogen could spread among bulbs while out of the ground, suggesting that I should bait the fungus out of hiding by wiping cut bulb pieces over the walls of the bulb store. Not having much success, I tried to fi nd out whether conidia of Fusarium bulbigenum could become airborne in the laboratory. A primitive apparatus suggested that air velocities of 4-10 mph were required to carry over the occasional F. bulbigenum spore from the surface of a culture, but that Aspergillus niger spores were removed readily at I mph (8). I knew no philosophy of airborne spores; neither did I know that K. M. Stepanov was doing better experiments at about the same time in Leningrad (24).

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Cryptostroma corticale and sooty bark disease of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus)

Cited by 32 publications

References 7 publications

Recent observations of sooty bark disease of sycamore maple in Prague (Czech Republic) and the phylogenetic placement of Cryptostroma corticale

Recent observations of sooty bark disease of sycamore maple in Prague (Czech Republic) and the phylogenetic placement of Cryptostroma corticale

PHILIP HERRIES GREGORY 1907–1986: Pioneer Aerobiologist, Versatile Mycologist

Spores in Air

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