Cryptosporidium infection in cattle and humans in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Tarekegn, Zewdu Seyoum; Tigabu, Yeshifana; Dejene, Haileyesus

doi:10.1016/j.parepi.2021.e00219

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Often, the lack of effective methods of treating theileriosis becomes the main cause of problems with finding solutions to prevent the occurrence and spread of the disease in agriculture in a single state (Tarekegh et al 2021). Achieving optimal results in the treatment of this disease becomes possible when finding the means necessary to effectively solve the problem of alleviating the course of the disease among cattle and improving existing therapeutic techniques aimed at weakening the action of the causative agent of the disease through the use of modern chemotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Dynamics of Distribution, Seasonality, and Degree of Infection with Bovine Theileriosis in the Territory of Turkestan Region

2022

Int J Vet Sci

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The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need for rational planning and timely implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures with cattle in various geographical regions, to prevent the spread of ticks and to form an objective understanding of the real features of the epizootic situation in these regions. The purpose of the study is to investigate the dynamics of the spread, the seasonality, and the degree of infection with bovine theileriosis in the Turkestan Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The leading approach is a combination of the method of determining the species composition of ixodic mites using the technique developed by V.I. Pomerantsev, with a practical investigation of the seasonality of the spread of ticks, through a survey of various pastures, and regular collection of ticks from cattle during a certain period of the pasture season in stationary points, to establish the species composition of ticks and the degree of contamination of pastures. The research was carried out using the capabilities of the laboratory of the Department of Veterinary Medicine of the regional veterinary laboratory and on the farms of the Turkestan Region. Practical results were obtained in the course of this study, indicating the main trends in the dynamics of the spread, seasonality, and degree of infection with bovine theileriosis in the territory of the Turkestan Region and the country as a whole. The study results and the conclusions formulated on their basis have significant practical significance for livestock workers of the Turkestan Region of Kazakhstan, whose professional duties include monitoring the condition of cattle on these farms and preventing the occurrence and spread of various epidemics among animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Dynamics of Distribution, Seasonality, and Degree of Infection with Bovine Theileriosis in the Territory of Turkestan Region

2022

Int J Vet Sci

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“…Cryptosporidium viatorum was originally reported in the UK in travellers returning from India and formally described as a human species in 2012 [ 73 ]. Since then, C. viatorum have been described in humans from Australia [ 66 ], China [ 114 ], Columbia [ 68 ], Ethiopia [ 34 , 64 , 74 ], India [ 63 , 67 ], Mozambique [ 62 ], Myanmar [ 65 ], Nigeria [ 69 , 70 ] and Swedish patients (who had returned from Kenya or Guatemala) [ 51 , 71 , 72 ]. It has also been detected in urban wastewater in China [ 204 ].…”

Section: Zoonotic Cryptosporidium Species and Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Zoonotic Cryptosporidium Species and Genotypes in Humans

Ryan

Zahedi

Feng

et al. 2021

Animals

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The enteric parasite, Cryptosporidium is a major cause of diarrhoeal illness in humans and animals worldwide. No effective therapeutics or vaccines are available and therefore control is dependent on understanding transmission dynamics. The development of molecular detection and typing tools has resulted in the identification of a large number of cryptic species and genotypes and facilitated our understanding of their potential for zoonotic transmission. Of the 44 recognised Cryptosporidium species and >120 genotypes, 19 species, and four genotypes have been reported in humans with C. hominis, C. parvum, C. meleagridis, C. canis and C. felis being the most prevalent. The development of typing tools that are still lacking some zoonotic species and genotypes and more extensive molecular epidemiological studies in countries where the potential for transmission is highest are required to further our understanding of this important zoonotic pathogen. Similarly, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and amplicon next-generation sequencing (NGS) are important for more accurately tracking transmission and understanding the mechanisms behind host specificity.

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“…Four Cryptosporidium species can infect cattle (C. bovis, C. ryanae and C. andersoni), but only C. parvum is associated with clinical disease (diarrhea) in neonatal calves, predominantly at the end of the first week of life (Cho and Yoon, 2014;Thomson et al, 2017). The infection is mostly self-limiting and asymptomatic in cattle, but neonatal calves, especially when undernourished, are very susceptible to develop more severe disease due to their immunocompromised status (Tarekegn et al, 2021).…”

Section: Cryptosporidium Parvummentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen-oriented approaches for neonatal calf diarrhea

Mol¹,

Clinquart²,

Pas³

et al. 2022

Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift

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Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is the leading health concern in calves during the first weeks of their lives. In this narrative review, the potential for pathogen-oriented approaches for NCD is discussed. The literature on NCD clearly shows substantial differences in spread and characteristics between the major NCD pathogens, making pathogen-oriented approaches possible, justifying the use of etiological diagnostics. For enterotoxic Escherichia coli, colostrum delivery and dam vaccination, biosecurity around calving and antimicrobial therapy are key. Both for bovine coronavirus (BCV) and bovine rotavirus (BRV), biosecurity and disinfection, dam vaccination in combination with adequate and prolonged colostrum delivery are the essentials. However, a different focus concerning biosecurity is necessary given the airborne spread of BCV and higher environmental persistence of BRV. For an effective Cryptosporidium spp. control, the use of disinfectants that kill oocysts is crucial. Evidence supporting the prophylactic use of halofuginone lactate to reduce shedding and diarrhea, is available, but in terms of biosecurity, attention should be placed on the proper use of this product. In case of a Salmonella enterica outbreak, antimicrobial use remains important, and biosecurity wise, attention should be paid to shedding of periparturient cows in the calving pen and administration of infected colostrum. Both for S. enterica and cryptosporidiosis, farm staff should be informed on how to protect themselves against these zoonotic infections. Nutritional factors play an additional role within NCD. Improper nutrition management can induce diarrhea or can further enhance infectious NCD through osmosis or dysbiosis. In conclusion, the suggested pathogen-oriented approaches can aid to economize labor and financial investments, limit the environmental impact of NCD control and prevention and valorize tailor-made farm advisory work.

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Cryptosporidium infection in cattle and humans in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

Study of the Dynamics of Distribution, Seasonality, and Degree of Infection with Bovine Theileriosis in the Territory of Turkestan Region

Study of the Dynamics of Distribution, Seasonality, and Degree of Infection with Bovine Theileriosis in the Territory of Turkestan Region

An Update on Zoonotic Cryptosporidium Species and Genotypes in Humans

Pathogen-oriented approaches for neonatal calf diarrhea

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