Cryptosporidium genotypes and associated risk factors in a cohort of Egyptian children

El-Badry, Ayman A.; Aziz, Inas Z. Abdel; Shoeib, Eman Y.; Ghallab, Marwa M. I.

doi:10.1007/s00580-017-2477-4

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The prevalent species among both infected immunocompetent and immunocompromised groups was C. hominis, suggesting anthroponotic transmission of human cryptosporidiosis in Mansoura City and nearby cities and rural areas. High prevalence of C. hominis was also reported in previous studies from Egypt [5,8,37] . According to Sadek [12] , about 88.9% of stool samples proved positive in studied children from the Gastroenteritis Unit, Abo El Reesh Pediatric Hospital, Cairo University, were identified as genotype 1 (C. hominis).…”

Section: Clinical Findingssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…In the present study, prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in studied cases was 59% as detected by nPCR technique, approaching the report by Helmy et al [6] of 49.1% prevalence in Egyptian children but higher than that by El-Badry et al [8] who recorded a prevalence of 19.5%. Both reports involved Egyptian children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…However, in immunocompromised individuals, infection could be prolonged and lifethreatening [3] . A variable prevalence range of 6% to 49% was recorded in different reports on the infection in Egyptian children [4][5][6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species among immunocompetent and immunocompromised Egyptian children: comparative study

2020

Parasitologists United Journal

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was linked to different manifestations as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, general malaise, while infection with C. parvum was linked mainly to cases with diarrhea [10,11]. El-Hamshary et al. [4] , in an early study on immunocompromised patients of different ages from attendants of Suez Canal University Hospitals in Egypt, used multiplex allele specific polymerase chain reaction and recorded 68.4% infection with C. parvum and 26.3% with C. hominis. Moreover, C. parvum was found to be more prevalent (61.5%) in rural localities while C. hominis was more prevalent in urban areas (60%). In another attempt to genotypically characterize Cryptosporidium spp. in a sample of isolates from calves and children suffering from diarrhea, 88.9% from the children's positive samples were identified as C. hominis (C. parvum genotype 1) and genotype 2 C. parvum was apparently more prevalent in the sample of calves [12]. Our study was conducted to identify the prevalent Cryptosporidium species among immunocompetent and immunocompromised children attending

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Section: Clinical Findingssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species among immunocompetent and immunocompromised Egyptian children: comparative study

2020

Parasitologists United Journal

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“…In the current work, the predominance of anthroponotic genotype (C. hominis) over the zoonotic genotype (C. parvum) was in agreement with other studies in Egypt as Helmy et al [25] who revealed that C. hominis (60.5%) was the most frequent species isolated. Also, El-Badry et al [36] reported that 89.3% were C. hominis. Likewise, several molecular studies revealed the dominance of C. hominis in Mexico [37], Lebanon [38], India [35], Gambia [39], and Brazil [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Genotyping of Cryptosporidium species in children suffering from diarrhea in Sharkyia Governorate, Egypt

Mohammad

Ali

Abdel-Rahman

et al. 2021

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium is one of the principal reasons for childhood diarrhea around the world. This work aimed to differentiate Cryptosporidium species among children suffering from diarrhea in Sharkyia Governorate, Egypt. Methodology: A total of 97 fecal specimens were taken from children suffering from diarrhea, attending Pediatric Clinics of Zagazig University and Al-Ahrar Hospitals. Full history was taken. Stool samples were examined microscopically using modified Ziehl–Neelsen stain for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts. To identify Cryptosporidium genotypes, positive samples were then subjected to nested Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism targeting Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein gene. Results: The overall detection rate was 27.8% (27/97) using modified Ziehl–Neelsen stain staining method. Using nested polymerase chain reaction, the gene was amplified in 85.2% (23/27). Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis revealed that 65.2% (15/23) were Cryptosporidium hominis, 30.4% (7/23) were Cryptosporidium parvum, and one sample was not typed (4.4%). The significant risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection in children were animal contact and residence in rural areas. Conclusions: Cryptosporidium is a common enteric parasite affecting children in Sharkyia Governorate, Egypt, with the predominance of C. hominis genotype in children.

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“…A conventional PCR-RFLP assay was conducted to differentiate Cryptosporidium spp. [24] by digestion of the amplified nPCR products. The DNA sample was digested by RsaI restriction enzyme (Thermo Scientific #FD1124) and the resulting restriction fragments were separated according to their lengths by gel electrophoresis.…”

Section: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (Rflp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular genetic characterization of human Cryptosporidium isolates and their respective demographic, environmental and clinical manifestations in Egyptian diarrheic patients

El-Missiry

El-Hameed

Saad

et al. 2019

Parasitologists United Journal

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Cryptosporidium is a worldwide enteric zoonotic protozoan parasite infecting a broad range of hosts, including humans, ruminants, birds, reptiles and fish [1,2]. It is the main cause of diarrheal illness in both developed and developing countries [3]. Cryptosporidiosis can result in severe diarrhea, which is usually self-limited in immunocompetent individuals, but may be chronic and life-threatening in immunocompromised patients [4]. It was estimated that up to 10% of cryptosporidiosis occurred between one to nine years old children and in toddlers in developing countries [5]. It has been reported as a virulent cause of diarrhea in Egypt, especially in young children, with a varied prevalence of 0%-49% [6,7] ; and with a prevalence of 11.6% in symptomatic children in Qalubiyah province [8]. Humans can acquire Cryptosporidium infections by ingestion of infective oocysts through person-toperson transmission or by direct contact with livestock or via water or food-borne transmission [9]. Several Cryptosporidium species with different genotypes and subtypes may infect man. Each causative species has unusual source(s) of infection, transmission route(s), and pathogenicity. Up to date, more than 26 spp. and approximately 50 genotypes have been recognized in humans and animals [10]. Therefore, it was advised that species identification in populations is essentially vital for determining the local transmission risk factors, and the consequent implementation of control programs to limit contact with infectious oocysts [11]. The majority of human cases of cryptosporidiosis (more than 90%) are caused by two species: C. hominis and C. parvum [7,12]. However, other species including C. felis, C. meleagridis,

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Cryptosporidium genotypes and associated risk factors in a cohort of Egyptian children

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species among immunocompetent and immunocompromised Egyptian children: comparative study

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species among immunocompetent and immunocompromised Egyptian children: comparative study

Genotyping of Cryptosporidium species in children suffering from diarrhea in Sharkyia Governorate, Egypt

Molecular genetic characterization of human Cryptosporidium isolates and their respective demographic, environmental and clinical manifestations in Egyptian diarrheic patients

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