Cryptococcal neorformans Antigenemia among HIV-Infected Patients in North Eastern Nigeria

Goni, Baba Waru; Kida, Ibrahim Musa; Saidu, Ismaila Adamu; Yusuph, Haruna; Brown, Michael J.; Bakki, B; Ajayi, Babajide O.; Denue, Ballah Akawu; Yerima, Abubakar; Gwalabe, Sabiu Abdu; Abubakar, Sahabi; Mohammed, Y A

doi:10.21767/2573-0320.10007

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…Based on our inclusions criteriafive articles from Ethiopia 14,19,20,23,28 , four from Nigeria 16,24,27,29 , three from Tanzania, 15,21,26 , two from Uganda 18,22 and one from each Cameroon and Malawi 17,25 respectively were selected and included for the review and meta-analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different types of sampleswere used to diagnosis the presence of Cryptococcus infection. None the less, most of the studies were conducted using serum 19,20,24,[26][27][28][29] , both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum 15,16,18,23 , CSF 14 , urine and serum 21 , CSF, urine & serum 17 , urine 22 and whole blood 25 . More than 50% of the studies used latex agglutinations (LA) laboratory method and the rest of the studies used Lateral flow assay (LFA), both LFA & LA, and two studies used both Indian ink and fungal culture method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 144 related articles were retrieved. After carefully examining the title, uniformity of study design, study subjects, sample sizeand study period,16 articles were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] .…”

Section: Literature Search Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnitude of Cryptococcosis among HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Alemayehu¹,

Ayalew

Buzayehu³

et al. 2020

Afr H. Sci.

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Background: Cryptococcus is encapsulated opportunistic yeast that causes life threatening meningoencephalitis of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The magnitude of Cryptococcosis among HIV patients varies from 1-10% in Western countries as opposed to almost a one third of HIV-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa where it is associated with high mortality. Methodology: By using key terms “Cryptococcosis among HIV patients in sub-saharan Africa countries”, articles that published in different journals from 2010-2017 searched on Pub-Med and Google scholar database. Those freely accessible and included the prevalence of Cryptococcosis in the result section, their PDF file was downloaded and the result extracted manually and presented in table. Articles that did not report the prevalence of Cryptococcosis, with a study design otherthan cross sectional, or a sample size less than 100, and those duplicated in the same study area and period by the same authors were excluded. The article selec- tion followed the PRISMA guidelines and meta- analysis was performed using OpenMeta(analyst). Results: The overall pooled magnitude of Cryptococcosis among HIV patients in sub saharan African countries was 8.3% (95%CI 6.1-10.5%). The highest prevalence was from Uganda (19%) and the least was from Ethiopia at 1.6%. There was 87.2 % of substantial heterogeneity among the studies with p-value<0.001. The symmetry ofthe forest plot showed that there was little publication bias. The most commonly used method for diagnosis of Cryptococcosis was lateral flow assay and latex agglutination test and culture was the least method employed. Conclusion: The overall pooled magnitude of Cryptococcosisis high among HIV patients in sub-Saharan African countries. The studies showed substantial heterogeneity, and little publication bias. Most of the studies relied on LFA & LA that showed the scarcity of facilities for fungal culture. Therefore, paying attention to screening HIV patients; those with signs and symptoms of meningitis may help to reduce the loss of HIV patients. Keywords: Cryptococcosis; sub-Saharan African; HIV; meta-analysis.

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