Cryptoccocal Neuromeningitis in Immunocompetent Infant in Bonassama District Hospital, Douala: A Case Report

Abstract

Cryptococcosis is rare in children. We report a case of cryptococcal meningitis in an infant whose mother works as a poultry farmer (chicken farm). The infant was received in the context of fever with convulsions. We performed a lumbar puncture and started antibiotic treatment. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was performed including Indian ink staining. CSF results showed the presence of yeast and we replaced antibiotics with fluconazol-based treatment. After the loss of sight and the appearance of a motor deficit, a brain scan was performed showing cerebral edema. Several lumbar punctures were performed for 02 weeks until partial recovery of visual acuity and motor deficit. This case highlights the importance of taking into account the patient's history when making the diagnosis. In our case, the working conditions and the employment of the mother guided the realization of the Indian ink coloring of the CSF. Treatment with fluconazol continued for 22 weeks with a completely regained visual acuity and gradual improvement in motor deficit despite limited resources.