“…The traditional method is difficult to solve these problems, so the intelligent algorithms are required to solve these problems. Inspired by nature, these strong metaheuristic algorithms are applied to solve NP-hard problems such as scheduling [3][4][5][6][7], image [8][9][10], feature selection [11][12][13] and detection [14][15][16], path planning [17,18], cyber-physical social system [19,20], texture discrimination [21], factor evaluation [22], saliency detection [23], classification [24,25], object extraction [26], gesture segmentation [27], economic load dispatch [28,29], shape design [30], big data and large-scale optimization [31][32][33], signal processing [34], silencing efficacy prediction [35], multi-objective optimization [36,37], unit commitment [38,39], vehicle routing [40], knapsack problem [41][42][43] and fault diagnosis [44][45][46], and test-sheet composition…”