Cryotherapy: A viable tool to remove broncholiths under flexible bronchoscopy

Campbell, Sabrina; Lala, Deepa; Rubio, Edmundo

doi:10.7603/s40681-016-0024-2

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…All comorbidities were diagnosed based on ICD-9 codes. The accuracy of ICD-9 codes has been well discussed in previous studies (Shen et al, 2016 ; Cheng et al, 2017 ; Lai et al, 2017d ; Liao et al, 2017a , c ). To increase the diagnosis validity, subjects who had the same diagnosis for three consecutive clinical visits in the ambulatory care and/or one episode of hospitalization diagnosis during the study period were included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Population-Based Case-Control Study Assessing the Association between Statins Use and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Taiwan

2017

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Background and Objectives: Little evidence is available about the relationship between statins use and pulmonary tuberculosis in Taiwan. The aim of the study was to explore this issue.Methods: Using the database of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program, we conducted a population-based case-control study to identify 8,236 subjects aged 20 years and older with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis from 2000 to 2013 as the cases. We randomly selected 8,236 sex-matched and age-matched subjects without pulmonary tuberculosis as the controls. Subjects who had at least one prescription of statins before the index date were defined as “ever use.” Subjects who never had one prescription of statins before the index date were defined as “never use.” The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for pulmonary tuberculosis associated with statins use was estimated by a multivariable logistic regression model.Results: After adjustment for co-variables, the adjusted OR of pulmonary tuberculosis was 0.67 for subjects with ever use of statins (95% CI 0.59, 0.75). In a sub-analysis, the adjusted ORs of pulmonary tuberculosis were 0.87 (95% CI 0.69, 1.10) for subjects with cumulative duration of statins use <3 months, 0.77 (95% CI 0.58, 1.03) for 3–6 months, and 0.59 (95% CI 0.51, 0.68) for ≥6 months, compared with subjects with never use of statins.Conclusions: Statins use correlates with a small but statistically significant risk reduction of pulmonary tuberculosis. The protective effect is stronger for longer duration of statins use. Due to a case-control design, a causal-relationship cannot be established in our study. A prospective cohort design is needed to confirm our findings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Population-Based Case-Control Study Assessing the Association between Statins Use and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Taiwan

2017

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“…This point has been addressed in a previous study ( Lai et al, 2015b ). Sixth, although the diagnosis of all comorbidities was based on ICD-9 codes, the accuracy of ICD-9 codes has been fully discussed in previous studies ( Lin et al, 2013 ; Lai et al, 2015b , c ; Shen et al, 2016 ; Liao et al, 2017a , b ; Hung et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Oral Corticosteroids and Risk of Hip Fracture in the Elderly in a Case-Control Study

2017

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Aim: Little is known regarding the relationship between use of oral corticosteroids and hip fracture in the elderly in Taiwan. The aim of the study was to examine this issue.Methods: A retrospective population-based case-control study using the database of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program (2000–2013) was conducted. We identified 4538 individuals aged ≥ 65 years with newly diagnosed hip fracture as the cases. We randomly selected 4538 individuals without hip fracture as the control subjects. The cases and the control subjects were matched with sex, age, comorbidities, and the year of index date. Individuals who never had a prescription for oral corticosteroids were defined as never use. Individuals who ever had at least one prescription for oral corticosteroids were defined as ever use. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of hip fracture associated with oral corticosteroids use was estimated by a multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis.Results: After adjustments for potential confounding factors, the multivariable logistic regression model showed that the adjusted OR of hip fracture was 1.17 for individuals with ever use of oral corticosteroids (95%CI 1.08, 1.28), compared to those with never use of oral corticosteroids. An sub-analysis showed that for every 1-mg increase in cumulative dose of oral corticosteroids, the adjusted OR of hip fracture was 1.01 (95% CI 1.01, 1.02). The adjusted ORs were 1.31 (95% CI 1.17, 1.47) for cumulative exposure to oral corticosteroids ≥ 3 months and 1.09 (95% CI 0.98, 1.20) for cumulative exposure < 3 months.Conclusion: We conclude that oral corticosteroids use is associated with a trivial but statistically significant increase in risk of hip fracture in Taiwan. Additionally, the results suggest that there are dose-response and duration-response effects of oral corticosteroids on the risk of hip fracture. The results confirm our understanding of oral corticosteroid-associated hip fracture in the elderly.

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“…This database is well established and more detailed information can be found in previous studies. [ 24 – 29 ] The present study was approved by the Ethics Review Board of China Medical University in Taiwan (CMUH-104-REC2–115).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrectomy correlates with increased risk of pulmonary tuberculosis

et al. 2018

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The objective to assess the association between gastrectomy and the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients without gastric cancer in Taiwan.There were 762 subjects with newly performing gastrectomy as the gastrectomy group since 2000 to 2012, and 2963 randomly selected subjects without gastrectomy as the non-gastrectomy group. Subjects with history of pulmonary tuberculosis or gastric cancer before the index date were excluded. Both gastrectomy and non-gastrectomy groups were matched with sex, age, and comorbidities. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was assessed in both groups. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for risk of pulmonary tuberculosis associated with gastrectomy.The overall incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 1.97-fold greater in the gastrectomy group than that in the non-gastrectomy group. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated that the adjusted HR of pulmonary tuberculosis was 1.97 for the gastrectomy group, compared with the non-gastrectomy group. Male sex, age (increase per 1 year), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and splenectomy were other factors that could be related to pulmonary tuberculosis.Gastrectomy is associated with 1.97-fold increased risk of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients without gastric cancer.

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Cryotherapy: A viable tool to remove broncholiths under flexible bronchoscopy

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Population-Based Case-Control Study Assessing the Association between Statins Use and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Taiwan

Population-Based Case-Control Study Assessing the Association between Statins Use and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Taiwan

Use of Oral Corticosteroids and Risk of Hip Fracture in the Elderly in a Case-Control Study

Gastrectomy correlates with increased risk of pulmonary tuberculosis

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