Cryopreservation of giant grouper<i>Epinephelus lanceolatus</i>(Bloch, 1790) sperm

Aquaculture of groupers is carried out in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world, but most production is from Asia, with three countries responsible for an estimated 92% of global production: China (65% of total production), Taiwan Province of China (17%) and Indonesia (11%). We calculate that there are at least 47 grouper species plus 15 grouper hybrids that have been trialled or are currently aquacultured. While grouper aquaculture has undoubtedly provided positive social and economic benefits to coastal communities in Asia, practices associated with grouper aquaculture have also led to widespread concerns regarding its environmental impacts. This paper reviews environmental, economic and social impacts of grouper aquaculture within a sustainability science framework. An update, building on early technical reviews of grouper aquaculture, was used to identify the main environmental, economic and social impacts. The main environmental impacts identified were as follows: seedstock sources, particularly the use of wild‐caught postlarval or juvenile fish as seedstock; the use of ‘trash’ fish as the major feed source; and water quality and substrate impacts of sea cage aquaculture. Significant economic and social impacts arising from grouper aquaculture include employment and income generation, but the economic impacts of disease outbreaks are significant, reducing fish survival to harvest size to around 50–70%. Current approaches to ameliorate negative impacts include the following: development and implementation of better management practices (BMPs) at national level, and the development of a global ecolabel certification scheme by the Aquaculture Stewardship Council. Both these approaches have significant constraints, particularly when applied to small‐scale farmers who produce the bulk of farmed grouper. We conclude that there is a need for improved higher level coordination between the major producer countries to address identified sustainability constraints to grouper aquaculture.

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“…E. lanceolatus hybrids typically use E. lanceolatus sperm that has been stripped from male giant grouper and cryopreserved (Fan et al . ).…”

Section: Assessment Of the Sustainability Of Grouper Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 97%

“…E. lanceolatus itself is difficult to breed and rear, so incorporating its genome in a hybrid typically improves the growth rate of the other species. E. lanceolatus hybrids typically use E. lanceolatus sperm that has been stripped from male giant grouper and cryopreserved (Fan et al 2014).…”

Section: Genetics and Hybridisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of grouper (Family Serranidae: Subfamily Epinephelinae) aquaculture from a sustainability science perspective

Rimmer

Glamuzina

2017

Reviews in Aquaculture

132

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“…; Fan et al . ; Lim & Le ). Cryopreservation protocols of grouper have been carried out using a variety of different extenders and cryoprotectants.…”

Section: Cryopreservation Of Grouper Semenmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Fan et al . focused on development of the protocol for cryopreservation of Giant grouper spermatozoa.…”

Section: Cryopreservation Of Giant Grouper Spermatozoamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cryopreservation of grouper spermatozoa has been carried out by many researchers (Gwo 1993;Cabrita et al 2009;Sean In et al 2009;Koh et al 2010;Peatpisut & Bart 2010;He et al 2011;Fan et al 2013;Lim & Le 2013). Cryopreservation protocols of grouper have been carried out using a variety of different extenders and cryoprotectants.…”

Section: Cryopreservation Of Grouper Semenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryopreservation of spermatozoa on grouper species: a review

Che-Zulkifli

Koh

Shahreza

et al. 2018

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Cryopreservation of spermatozoa of grouper species supporting artificial insemination in production of fry has contributed to the grouper aquaculture industry. Grouper is a high‐value species in marine cage finfish culture and a major business for the aquaculture industry in South East Asia. The species contributes a significant value to the income of South East Asian countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand. Hybrid grouper is a new candidate for marine finfish culture, and cryopreservation of grouper and giant grouper spermatozoa is important to support development of its production. This review article discusses the cryopreservation of the spermatozoa of grouper species specifically. Emphasis is placed on the protocols for implementation and implications of the cryopreservation of grouper spermatozoa in the marine finfish aquaculture industry.

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