Cryomilled and spark plasma sintered titanium: the evolution of microstructure

Kozlík, Jiří; Becker, Hanka; Harcuba, Petr; Stráský, Josef; Janeček, Miloš

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/194/1/012023

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Microhardness was affected by residual porosity, by the contamination by oxygen and also by the content of both α-phase and ω-phase. While a decrease of porosity causes an increase in microhardness [19], a decrease in the oxygen content and in the amount of α-phase generally causes a decrease in microhardness [28,35]. The microhardness of sintered initial powder significantly increased with increasing sintering temperature, which was consistent with the decrease of the residual porosity.…”

Section: Spark Plasma Sinteringsupporting

confidence: 61%

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Mechanical Properties of Ti-15Mo Alloy Prepared by Cryogenic Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering

Veverková

Kozlík

Bartha

et al. 2019

Metals

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Metastable β-Ti alloy Ti-15Mo was prepared by cryogenic ball milling in a slurry of liquid argon. Material remained ductile even at low temperatures, which suppressed particle refinement, but promoted intensive plastic deformation of individual powder particles. Repetitive deformation of powder particles is similar to the multidirectional rolling and resembles bulk severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods. Initial and milled powders were compacted by spark plasma sintering. Sintered milled powder exhibited a refined microstructure with small β-grains and submicrometer sized α-phase precipitates. The microhardness and the yield tensile strength of the milled powder after sintering at 850 °C attained 350 HV and 1200 MPa, respectively. Low ductility of the material can be attributed to high oxygen content originating from the cryogenic milling. This pioneering work shows that cryogenic milling followed by spark plasma sintering is able to produce two-phase β-Ti alloys with refined microstructure and very high strength levels.

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Section: Spark Plasma Sinteringsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Cryogenic milling employing the Szegvari type attritor has been previously applied to commercially pure titanium [18][19][20][21]. It was found that titanium remains ductile even at cryogenic temperatures (unless contaminated by nitrogen [21]) and powder particles are not significantly refined [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Ti-15Mo Alloy Prepared by Cryogenic Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering

Veverková

Kozlík

Bartha

et al. 2019

Metals

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“…Data Areas of Application.Titanium alloy powder can be used in powder metallurgy for spark plasma sintering [2], [4].Titanium alloy powder can also be utilized as reinforcement in composite fabrication [5].Nanoparticles of titanium can be used in the development of nano-lubricants to improve tribological properties [6], [7].It can also be applied in the improvement of coatings for automobile applications [8], [9].…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data showing the effects of disc milling time on the composition and morphological transformation of (α+β) titanium alloy (Ti–6Al–2Sn–2Mo–2Cr–2Zr-0.25Si) grade

2019

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In powder metallurgy, dry mechanical milling process is an effective technique employed in the reduction of solid materials into the desired size in the fabrication of materials or components from metal powders for various applications. However, the milling operation introduces changes in the size and shape as well as the elemental or chemical composition of the milled substance. These changes introduced after milling requires critical analyses as the performance and efficiency of fabricated components depend so much on the size, shape and chemical composition of the powders. In this data, the effects of vibratory disc milling on the morphological transformation and elemental composition of titanium alloy powder were observed and analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The as received titanium alloy powder was subjected to dry mechanical milling machine rated 380V/50Hz at 940 rpm. Milling time of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mins were adopted in this data collection. SEM and EDS analyses revealed that milling transformed the spherical shaped powders into plate-like shapes. This deformation in the shape of the powder increased with increase in milling time. Also, the oxygen content of the powder fluctuated as the milling time increased.

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“…At present, due to the SPS process has the advantages of rapid heating rate, low sintering temperature, short sintering time and short sintering cycle. Moreover, the sample prepared by SPS has a uniform microstructure, fine grain size, high density and excellent mechanical properties, and some scholars have already carried out the work of SPS to prepare titanium alloy [11,[13][14][15]. Zhang L. et al used ammonium bicarbonate (NH 4 HCO 3 ) as a space-holder to mix with non-spherical titanium powder, prepared porous titanium with a porosity of 38~56% and a pore diameter of 50~500 µm by SPS [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Properties of Porous Titanium Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

Liu

Zhang

Shi

et al. 2019

Metals

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Porous titanium samples with a porosity of 1.34~15.54% were prepared by a spark plasma sintering (SPS) process at sintering temperatures of 800 °C, 850 °C and 900 °C, and a sintering pressure of 10 MPa. The microstructures and fracture morphology of the samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The compressive strength and elastic modulus were likewise measured. The results showed that no new phase occurred after the samples were sintered, and the main phases were α phase of hcp structure. The porosity of the samples decreased significantly with the increase of sintering temperature. At 800 °C, the sample phase was dominated by equiaxed α. There were more irregular coarse pores in the samples. At 850 °C, the microstructure was mainly zigzag α, and the pores were finely and relatively uniform in distribution. At 900 °C, the sample’s structure transformed into a dense sheet-like α. The sample’s densities increased and the pores disappeared. The room temperature compression test showed that the porous titanium sintered by SPS had excellent compressive strength. The yield strength, compressive strength, compressive strain and elastic modulus were 81.85~122.36 MPa, 161.65~498.86 MPa, 36.75~59.97% and 2.79~4.22 GPa, respectively.

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Cryomilled and spark plasma sintered titanium: the evolution of microstructure

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Mechanical Properties of Ti-15Mo Alloy Prepared by Cryogenic Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering

Mechanical Properties of Ti-15Mo Alloy Prepared by Cryogenic Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering

Data showing the effects of disc milling time on the composition and morphological transformation of (α+β) titanium alloy (Ti–6Al–2Sn–2Mo–2Cr–2Zr-0.25Si) grade

Microstructure and Properties of Porous Titanium Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

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