Cryolipolysis on More than One Body Area Increases Lipid Peroxidation without Changing Lipid Profile and Inflammatory Markers

Abstract

In the present study, the effects of cryolipolysis on one and multiple body areas, assessing body composition, lipid profile and peroxidation and inflammatory markers were investigated. Twenty-five women aged between 20 and 59 years were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) control, (2) cryolipolysis on the abdomen and (3) cryolipolysis on the abdomen + flanks. Anthropometric measurements, bioimpedance and ultrasound were performed, as well serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation markers (malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and Interleukin-1β) were determined. In addition, food consumption and physical activity level were evaluated. Data were obtained at 0, 10 and 30 days (t0, t10 and t30) after cryolipolysis. Cryolipolysis did not change anthropometric measurements, body composition or lipid profile. Interestingly, the abdomen + flanks group had significantly increased plasma myeloperoxidase activity at t0, t10 and t30, and increased malondialdehyde levels at t0 and t10 when compared to the other groups. Furthermore, there were no differences between macronutrient intake and total energy value, physical activity level, malondialdehyde and interleukin-1β at t30. Cryolipolysis did not change body composition, lipid profile or inflammatory markers investigated. On the other hand, when used on the abdomen and flanks, it produced an increase in lipid peroxidation markers, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase.

Innovation of the protocol for the application of cryolipolysis: Effects and mechanisms of action

“…Da Costa et al, 2022 8 carried out a study that addressed the evaluation of some blood inflammatory markers in women who underwent a CLL session. The results of the study demonstrated that such markers had not shown differences.…”

“…The resource targets subcutaneous adipocytes, aiming to induce apoptosis without damaging other adjacent tissues. 3,4,8 Although several clinical and experimental studies confirm that CLL can reduce subcutaneous adipose tissue, [9][10][11] the mechanisms of action are not fully clarified. Two hypotheses are extensively discussed in the literature, the first being based on the reduction of subcutaneous adipose tissue without apoptosis through energy expenditure using lipid oxidation and thermogenesis after the application of cooling.…”

“…It is noteworthy that although the temperature is already preestablished in the literature, the application forms vary in both clinical practice and scientific studies, making it difficult to understand the mechanisms of action. The resource targets subcutaneous adipocytes, aiming to induce apoptosis without damaging other adjacent tissues 3,4,8 …”

“…Two hypotheses are extensively discussed in the literature, the first being based on the reduction of subcutaneous adipose tissue without apoptosis through energy expenditure using lipid oxidation and thermogenesis after the application of cooling 12,13 . The second hypothesis, currently being discussed as the most accepted, is based on the theory that cooling could lead to the crystallization cytoplasmic lipids, loss of cellular integrity, apoptosis/necrosis of adipocytes, and local inflammation, producing selective loss of adipose tissue 8,10,14 …”

“…Our study corroborates these findings since the IHC results for Casp3, CCasp 3, and CD68 showed that the treated region had a higher expression of these markers related to the presence of apoptosis, degeneration, and cell phagocytosis at the different times evaluated. Da Costa et al, 20228 carried out a study that addressed the evaluation of some blood inflammatory markers in women who underwent a CLL session. The results of the study demonstrated that such markers had not shown differences.…”