Cryogenic treatment to augment wear resistance of tool and die steels

Lal, D. Mohan; Renganarayanan, S.; Kalanidhi, A.

doi:10.1016/s0011-2275(01)00065-0

Cited by 309 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The tool-life improvement was even higher with the use of TiN coatings. 18 Compared to the other material-removal processes, the drilling process has quite a wide application field. Especially in the aerospace industry, drilling constitutes a large portion of the material-removal processes, up to 40-60 %.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cryogenic treatment applied to M42 HSS drills on the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Kıvak¹,

Şeker²

2015

Mater. Tehnol.

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This study investigated the effects of deep cryogenic treatment applied to M42 HSS drills on the tool wear, the tool life and the surface roughness during the drilling of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy under dry and wet cutting conditions. Drilling tests were carried out using untreated, cryogenically treated, cryogenically treated and tempered, and multi-layered TiAlN/TiN-coated HSS drills. Four different cutting speeds ((6, 8, 10, 12) m/min) and a constant feed rate of 0.06 mm/r were used as the cutting parameters and holes with a depth of 15 mm were drilled. At the end of the drilling tests, it was seen that the use of a coolant increased the tool life and decreased the surface roughness. Among the four tools, the best results in terms of the tool life and surface roughness were obtained with the multi-layered TiAlN/TiN-coated tool. The cryogenically treated and tempered drills exhibited an increase of 87 % in the tool life compared to the untreated drills. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that by reducing the size of the carbide particles in the microstructure, cryogenic treatment resulted in a more uniform carbide distribution and in the transformation of retained austenite to martensite. This played an important role in the increase in the hardness and wear resistance of the cutting tools. Keywords: cryogenic treatment, microstructure, M42 HSS, drilling, tool life, surface roughness V tej {tudiji je bil preiskovan vpliv globokega podhlajevanja svedrov M42 HSS na njihovo obrabo, zdr`ljivost in hrapavost povr{ine med suhim in mokrim vrtanjem zlitine Ti-6Al-4V. Preizkusi vrtanja so bili izvr{eni z uporabo HSS neobdelanih, podhlajenih, podhlajenih in popu{~anih ter svedrov z ve~plastnim nanosom TiAlN/TiN. Uporabljene so bile {tiri razli~ne hitrosti rezanja ((6, 8, 10, 12) m/min) in konstantno podajanje 0,06 mm/r pri vrtanju 15 mm globokih izvrtin. Na koncu preizkusov vrtanja se je pokazalo, da uporaba hlajenja s teko~ino pove~a zdr`ljivost orodja in zmanj{a hrapavost povr{ine. Med {tirimi orodji je bil glede na njihovo zdr`ljivost in hrapavost povr{ine najbolj{i rezultat dose`en z orodji z ve~plastnim nanosom TiAlN/TiN. Podhlajeni in popu{~ani svedri so imeli pove~ano zdr`ljivost za 87 % v primerjavi z neobdelanimi svedri. Analize na vrsti~nem elektronskem mikroskopu (SEM) in rentgenska difrakcija (XRD) sta pokazali, da z zmanj{anjem velikosti karbidnih zrn v mikrostrukturi pri podhlajevanju dobimo bolj enakomerno razporeditev karbidov, preostali avstenit pa se pretvori v martenzit. To ima pomembno vlogo pri pove~anju trdote in odpornosti orodja za rezanje proti obrabi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cryogenic treatment applied to M42 HSS drills on the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Kıvak¹,

Şeker²

2015

Mater. Tehnol.

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“…Surface roughness decreased with increasing cutting speed [24] and [25]. This event can be explained with the decreased built up edge (BUE) formation due to higher temperatures generated in the cutting zone depending on increasing cutting speed [26]. BUE which has unstable structure significantly influences the surface roughness.…”

Section: Evaluations Of Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Application of Taguchi Method for Surface Roughness and Roundness Error in Drilling of AISI 316 Stainless Steel

Çıçek

Kıvak

Samtaş

2012

SV-JME

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“…Therefore, deep sub-zero treatment is mostly used to relieve internal stresses and strains in the material. When the material is kept at extremely low temperatures for a prolonged duration, the material tends to develop equilibrium conditions [24][25][26][27]. To attain the minimum entropy level, the defects in the material are almost minimized, with refined and uniform grains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of cryogenic treatment on ageing behaviour of B4C reinforced 7075 aluminium composites

TASKESEN¹,

Aksöz²,

Özdemir³

2017

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In the current study, an effect of cryogenic treatment on the ageing of a B4C particulate reinforced 7075 aluminium alloy was investigated to identify changes in hardness with respect to ageing time. To achieve this, first, 10, 15, and 25 % by weight B4C particulate containing 7075 Al composite specimens were produced by hot pressing of Al, Cu, Zn, and Mg elemental powders. Next, cryogenic treatment and multiple steps of tempering were adapted to several samples. Such as, after solutionizing at 470• C and sub-zero treatment at -146• C, successive intervals of artificial ageing at 120• C for different time periods were applied. During the heat treatment, hardness values were measured after each interval. Findings reveal that, particularly after solutionization, cryogenic treatment before ageing yields high hardness values. However, the hardness of the composite material exceeds this level during ageing treatment, mainly after long ageing times.K e y w o r d s:

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Cryogenic treatment to augment wear resistance of tool and die steels

Cited by 309 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of cryogenic treatment applied to M42 HSS drills on the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Effect of cryogenic treatment applied to M42 HSS drills on the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Application of Taguchi Method for Surface Roughness and Roundness Error in Drilling of AISI 316 Stainless Steel

The effect of cryogenic treatment on ageing behaviour of B4C reinforced 7075 aluminium composites

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