Abstract. CSIRO is a multi-disciplined, Australian Government funded, science organisation whose major aims include the investigation of science issues that are of particular relevance to Australia in a global context. The organisation has over 5700 employees. This review paper contains a broad outline of some of the "underground science" capabilities found within CSIRO, with an emphasis on SQUID-based sensors developed within the CSIRO's Superconductivity Group and the general capabilities to be found within CSIRO's Petroleum Geoscience Program.