Cryogels via UV Irradiation

Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems. 55. Retrospective View on the More than 40 Years of Studies Performed in the A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds with Respect of the Cryostructuring Processes in Polymeric Systems

“…I(iii). Solutions that contain the system “polymer(s) + cross-linking chemical reagent(s)” ( 1–4, 7, 16, 52, 68, 70, and 78 in Table 1 ); the additional variant is the crosslinking function fulfilled by the irradiation [ 18 , 28 , 32 , 48 ].…”

“…In fact, all studies carried out at the IOEC as well as other studies on the preparation of the diverse cryogenically-structured polymer materials have always included the evaluation of various physico-chemical characteristics of the respective samples, and, very often, the dependence of their properties on the preparative conditions. The detailed discussion of the results of such studies and of the general effects thus observed for different variants of the cryostructuring processes have been presented in several comprehensive reviews published by the author of the present paper and by other scientists [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 20 , 22 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 40 , 44 , 63 , 66 , 82 , 94 , 125 , 142 , 143 ]. Therefore, only the key selected features of the cryostructuring mechanisms are considered below.…”

“…In the last decades, the application of the cryostructuring processes for the preparation of materials based on natural or synthetic polymers featuring a desired set of properties, the study of such materials and their use are the subjects of scientific and applied activities in many countries [ 26 ]. The references to the above-indicated publications [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , ...…”

Three‐dimensional cryogels for biomedical applications

“…In addition to the traditional cryogelation process described above, which usually involves long freeze-thaw reaction times of 24 hr, recent methods for synthesizing cryogels have used faster synthesis processes. Starting with Petrov and Tsvetanov (2014), shorter cryogelation reaction times were achieved via moderate freezing of precursor solutions under powerful sources of UV irradiation at 400 W. Although this is a more rapid process for cryogel synthesis, it can also be limiting due to the harmful effects of powerful UV irradiation. Ozmen et al (2015) also utilized UV irradiation to synthesize cryogels at a higher rate in conjunction with a process known as thiolene click chemistry.…”

Multiphysics model development to characterize fundamental mechanism of bio-responsive hydrogels

“…In order to answer this question, literature surveys are conducted in which they reveal that the bioresponsive hydrogel is usually developed by incorporating biological components onto the acidic/basic-loaded crosslinked polymeric network chains (environmentally responsive hydrogel) via physical entrapment or UV radiation [53,54]. This enhances the specificity of hydrogel, where it only exhibits a response upon stimulation by certain environmental bio-cues [19].…”