Cryobiology and Thermodynamics

Ķīsis, Jānis; Zavorins, Aleksejs

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-43939-5_2

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The vascular stasis effect 10 of cryotherapy may contribute to both cell death and reduction of erythema as EI exhibited improvement in this study. The transient increment of EI at Week 4 is presumed to be due to irritation by cryotherapy, but improved immediately.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The main mechanism of conventional cryotherapy is cell destruction through the generation of intracellular ice crystals. 10 The temperature, which induces the cell destruction of melanocytes, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts, range from −4 to −7°C, −20 to −30°C, and −30 to −35°C, respectively. 11 During conventional cryotherapy, cells in the center of the cryogenic lesion are exposed to lethal temperatures while cells in the peripheral zone undergo sublethal temperatures and various immunologic responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 During conventional cryotherapy, cells in the center of the cryogenic lesion are exposed to lethal temperatures while cells in the peripheral zone undergo sublethal temperatures and various immunologic responses. 10 These immunologic responses are the reason why cryotherapy can be used to treat various immune-related skin diseases, and previous studies have reported that the temperature that induces immunologic reactions does not need to be as low as the cell destruction temperature. 12…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The target temperature of PC (−5°C) was above the cell destruction threshold, causing apoptosis of the cells of the SD lesion, inducing immune tolerance or immune suppression rather than an inflammatory response during necrosis. 10 Although the exact pathogenesis of SD was not clearly elucidated, sebaceous glands with lipids, epidermal hyperproliferation, neurotransmitter abnormalities, Malassezia species, and abnormal immune mechanisms have been discussed as a main pathogenesis. 14,15 Among these various precipitating factors, the high prevalence of SD in immunocompromised patients has implied an important role of immune reaction in SD pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy and Safety of Precision Cryotherapy to Treat Seborrheic Dermatitis of the Scalp

Choi,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2023

Dermatol Surg

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BACKGROUND Recently, a new cryotherapy device that precisely controls skin temperature was developed. Precision cryotherapy (PC) can be a safe and alternative treatment modality for immune-related skin diseases that are difficult to treat by conventional cryotherapy because of serious adverse events. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PC in scalp seborrheic dermatitis (SD). METHODS A single-arm, prospective trial was designed. Twenty-four patients with SD underwent 3 PC interventions 2 weeks apart. At the baseline, Week 6, and Week 8, overall improvements in Physician Global Assessment (PGA) and clinical severity scores were assessed. At each visit, the erythema index (EI) and transepidermal water loss were evaluated. The patients scored 9 subjective symptoms using a visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS The itch VAS score decreased by 50.4% at Week 8. Blinded investigators reported improvement of PGA scores from 2.86 ± 0.62 to 1.66 ± 0.61 and clinical severity scores from 4.55 ± 1.30 to 2.45 ± 1.37. The average EI decreased by 19.6% at Week 8 (p < .05). CONCLUSION This study not only demonstrated the efficacy and safety of PC in scalp SD but it also revealed insights for PC being a promising treatment modality in immune-related skin diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%