Crusted piloleiomyoma with mental retardation: A rare association

Abstract

Piloleiomyoma is an uncommon benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from arrector pili muscle. It is clinically defined by the presence of solitary or multiple reddish brown, dome-shaped, smooth papules or nodules, ranging in size from a few millimeters to a centimeter. The patients are otherwise healthy; but mental retardation developing in some patients with multiple Piloleiomyomas has been emerging as an intriguing matter for analysis by the scientists. In this case report, a mentally retarded patient with Piloleiomyoma is described, who, besides the characteristic smooth and dome-shaped lesions on the anterolateral aspect of the dorsum of the right foot, had developed crusting on one of the largest lesions. The histopathological features were consistent with Piloleiomyoma. The occurrence of Piloleiomyoma in a mentally retarded child and its unusual crusted nature has been rarely reported. The association between Piloleiomyoma and mental retardation is further stressed in this case report.

Dermoscopic findings in a patient with multiple piloleiomyomas

“…These tumors are painful on exposure to cold and trauma; pain could result from local pressure by the tumor on cutaneous nerves [3]. The main differential diagnosis consists of other dermal nodular lesions like dermatofibroma, eruptive syringoma, angiolipoma, neurilemoma, endometrioma, leiomyosarcoma, glomus tumor, eccrine spiradenoma, lipoma and blue nevus [1,4].…”