Crustal structure across the coseismic rupture zone of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake, the central Nankai Trough seismogenic zone

Nakanishi, Ayako; Takahashi, Narumi; Park, Jin-Oh; Miura, Seiichi; Kodaira, Shuichi; Kaneda, Yasufumi; Hirata, Naoshi; Iwasaki, Takaya; Nakamura, Masao

doi:10.1029/2001jb000424

Cited by 139 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…1) was ∼8 km/s. At the northern end of SB, several seismic profiles parallel to the magnetic lineation have been carried out across the Nankai Trough (e.g., Kodaira et al, 2002;Nakanishi et al, 2002). Their P n velocities range from 7.8 to 8.0 km/s, which are slightly slower than those in the perpendicular direction, but it is difficult to demonstrate azimuthal P n velocity anisotropy in the uppermost mantle of the SB without further seismic lines in several different directions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Backarc basin oceanic crust and uppermost mantle seismic velocity structure of the Shikoku Basin, south of Japan

2011

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Seismic refraction and reflection measurements were made along three profiles across the Shikoku Basin, one of the three backarc basins on the Philippine Sea plate. The P-wave velocity models show the presence of a very large horizontal irregularity related to the seamounts on the extinct spreading center, transition zones from the Shikoku Basin to Kyushu-Palau Ridge, and from the Shikoku Basin to the Izu-Ogasawara Island arc. However, the other areas were found to have features similar to those of a normal oceanic crustal model composed of oceanic Layer 2 with a high velocity gradient and Layer 3 with a small velocity gradient. The Shikoku backarc basin oceanic crust was found to be characterized by a thinner igneous crust, especially in Layer 3, and the azimuthal anisotropy in the uppermost mantle expected from the seafloor spreading was not detected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Backarc basin oceanic crust and uppermost mantle seismic velocity structure of the Shikoku Basin, south of Japan

2011

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“…10). Furthermore, subduction processes along the Peruvian margin are dominated by tectonic erosion leading to narrow sedimentary wedges (Krabbenhoft et al, 2004), in contrast to the large sedimentary wedges that characterize the accretionary subductions, such as the Nankai region, Japan (Nakanishi et al, 2002). To judge the likelihood of the severest strong ground-motions simulations obtained for Lima city in our study (PGA and PGV values above 1000 cm=s 2 and 100 cm=s, respectively), we compared them with macroseismic intensity estimations of the 1746 earthquake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scenario Source Models and Strong Ground Motion for Future Mega‐earthquakes: Application to Lima, Central Peru

Pulido¹,

Aguilar²,

Tavera³

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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The 2011 moment magnitude (M w ) 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Japan earthquake occurred in a region where giant megathrust earthquakes were not expected. This earthquake proved the difficulty in assessing seismic hazard by relying mainly on information from historical and instrumental seismicity. To help improve the seismic-hazard assessment for such rare events, we propose a methodology to estimate the slip distribution of future megathrust earthquakes based on a model of interseismic coupling distribution in subduction margins, as well as information of historical earthquakes, and apply the method to the central Peru region, Lima. The slip model obtained from geodetic data represents the large scale features of asperities within the megathrust, which is appropriate for simulation of long-period waves and tsunami modeling. For the simulation of a broadband strong ground motion, we add small scale heterogeneities to the source slip to be able to simulate high frequencies. To achieve this purpose, we propose broadband source models constructed by adding short-wavelength slip distributions obtained from a Von Karman power spectral density function, to the slip model inferred from interseismic geodetic data. Using these slip models and assuming several hypocenter locations, we calculate a set of strong ground motions for Lima and incorporate site effects obtained from microtremors surveys and geotechnical data. Our simulated average pseudospectral accelerations (period 0.3 s) are above 1:5g for wide areas in Lima, which may be critical in terms of damage of low-to midrise masonry and reinforced concrete buildings, which characterize the majority of buildings in Lima.

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“…Hashimoto et al, 2004), seismic tomography studies (e.g., Nakajima and Hasegawa, 2007b;Hirose et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2014), receiver function analysis (e.g., Shiomi et al, 2008) and wide-angle seismic surveys (e.g. Kodaira et al, 2000Kodaira et al, , 2002Nakanishi et al, 2002;Takahashi et al, 2002). The depth of the slab varies and its geometry is complicated (Fig.…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of geological evidence for Holocene earthquakes and tsunamis along the Nankai-Suruga Trough, Japan

Garrett

Fujiwara

Garrett

et al. 2016

Earth-Science Reviews

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACTThe Nankai-Suruga Trough, the subduction zone that lies immediately south of Japan's densely populated southern coastline, generates devastating great earthquakes (magnitude > 8) characterised by intense shaking, crustal deformation and tsunami generation. Forecasting the hazards associated with future earthquakes along this >700 km long fault requires a comprehensive understanding of past fault behaviour. While the region benefits from a long and detailed historical record, palaeoseismology has the potential to provide a longer-term perspective and additional crucial insights. In this paper, we summarise the current state of knowledge regarding geological evidence for past earthquakes and tsunamis along the Nankai-Suruga Trough. Incorporating literature originally published in both Japanese and English and enhancing available results with new age modelling approaches, we summarise and critically evaluate evidence from a wide variety of sources. Palaeoseismic evidence includes uplifted marine terraces and biota, marine and lacustrine turbidites, liquefaction features, subsided marshes and tsunami deposits in coastal lakes and lowlands. While 75 publications describe proposed evidence from more than 70 sites, only a limited number provide compelling, well-dated evidence. The best available records enable us to map the most likely rupture zones of twelve earthquakes that occurred during the historical period. This spatiotemporal compilation suggests that the AD 1707 earthquake ruptured almost the full length of the subduction zone and that earthquakes in AD 1361 and 684 may have been predecessors of similar magnitude. Intervening earthquakes were of lesser magnitude, highlighting the variability in rupture mode that characterises the Nankai-Suruga Trough. Intervals between ruptures of the same seismic segment range from less than 100 to more than 450 years during the historical period. Over longer timescales, palaeoseismic evidence suggests intervals between earthquakes ranging from 100 to 700 years, however these figures reflect a range of thresholds controlling the creation and preservation of evidence at any given site as well as the genuine intervals between earthquakes. At present, there is no geological data that suggest the occurrence of a larger magnitude earthquake than that experienced in AD 1707, however few studies have sought to establish the relative magnitudes of different earthquake and tsunami events along the Nankai-Suruga Trough. Alongside the lack of...

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Crustal structure across the coseismic rupture zone of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake, the central Nankai Trough seismogenic zone

Cited by 139 publications

References 47 publications

Backarc basin oceanic crust and uppermost mantle seismic velocity structure of the Shikoku Basin, south of Japan

Backarc basin oceanic crust and uppermost mantle seismic velocity structure of the Shikoku Basin, south of Japan

Scenario Source Models and Strong Ground Motion for Future Mega‐earthquakes: Application to Lima, Central Peru

A systematic review of geological evidence for Holocene earthquakes and tsunamis along the Nankai-Suruga Trough, Japan

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