Crustal Architecture at the Collision Zone Between Rivera and North American Plates at the Jalisco Block: Tsujal Project

Dañobeitia, Juanjo; Bartolomé, Rafael; Prada, Manel; Núñez-Cornũ, F. J.; Córdoba, Diego; Bandy, William L.; Estrada, Ferrán; Cameselle, Alejandra L.; Núñez, Diana; Castellón, A.; Alonso, José Luis Sanz; Mortera, C.; Ortiz, Modesto

doi:10.1007/s00024-016-1388-7

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The total capacity of this array was 5800 in 3 with 2000 psi of air pressure, shooting every 50 m and providing 1773 shots in a line 89 km long. The shooting interval was carefully selected to improve the quality of the signal, taking into account the capacity of the air compressors and the maximum data redundancy (Dañobeitia et al, 2016).…”

Section: Data Sets and Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Structure of the Southern Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block Subduction Zone

Núñez

Núñez-Cornũ

Escalona-Alcázar

et al. 2019

Seismological Research Letters

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Structural and tectonic features in the Pacific Coast of Mexico generate a high level of seismic activity in the Jalisco block (JB) region, making it one of the most attractive areas of the world for geophysical investigations. The Rivera-North America contact zone has been the object of different tectonic studies in recent years framed within the TsuJal project. To this day, this project is generating numerous crucial geophysical results, which significantly improve our understanding of the region. Our study is focused on the interaction between the south of the JB and Rivera plate (RP), which crosses the Middle America trench. We also cover an offshore-onshore transect of 130 km length between the eastern Rivera fracture zone and La Huerta region, in the Jalisco state. To characterize this region,we interpreted wide-angle seismic, multichannel seismic, and multibeam bathymetry data. The integration of these results, with the local and regional seismicity recorded by the Jalisco Seismic Accelerometric Telemetric Network and by the Mapping the Rivera Subduction Zone experiment, provides new insights into the geometry of the southern RP, which is dipping 12°-14°under the JB in the northeast-southwest direction. Moreover, our results provide new seismic images of the accretionary wedge, the shallow crust, the deep crust, and the upper-mantle structure along this profile.

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Section: Data Sets and Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Structure of the Southern Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block Subduction Zone

Núñez

Núñez-Cornũ

Escalona-Alcázar

et al. 2019

Seismological Research Letters

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“…In the northern Mexican subduction zone, the Gulf of California spreading center and the triple junction point around the Jalisco and the Michoacán Blocks represent the most active seismogenic belts inducing significant seismic hazard in the Jalisco-Colima-Michoacán region (Dañobeitia et al, 2016). The oblique to sub-parallel motions between the North American and Pacific plates at the latitude of the San Andreas fault produce a broad zone of large-magnitude earthquake activity mainly associated with dextral strike-slip faults extending more than 500 km into the continental interior.…”

Section: Seismic Study Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Forecasting of Strong Earthquakes in North America, South America, Japan, Southern China and Northern India With Machine Learning

et al. 2022

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Strong earthquakes (magnitude ≥7) occur worldwide affecting different cities and countries while causing great human, ecological and economic losses. The ability to forecast strong earthquakes on the long-term basis is essential to minimize the risks and vulnerabilities of people living in highly active seismic areas. We have studied seismic activities in North America, South America, Japan, Southern China and Northern India in search for patterns in strong earthquakes on each of these active seismic zones between 1900 and 2021 with the powerful mathematical tool of wavelet transform. We found that the primary seismic activity patterns for M ≥ 7 earthquakes are 55, 3.7, 7.7, and 8.6 years, for seismic zones of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, southwestern Mexico, South American, and Southern China-Northern India, respectively. In the case of Japan, the most important seismic pattern for earthquakes with magnitude 7 ≤ M< 8 is 4.1 years and for strong earthquakes with M ≥ 8, it is 40 years. Every seismic pattern obtained clusters the earthquakes in historical intervals/episodes with and without strong earthquakes in the individually analyzed seismic zones. We want to clarify that the intervals where no strong earthquakes do not imply the total absence of seismic activity because earthquakes can occur with lesser magnitude within this same interval. From the information and pattern we obtained from the wavelet analyses, we created a probabilistic, long-term earthquake prediction model for each seismic zone using the Bayesian Machine Learning method. We propose that the periods of occurrence of earthquakes in each seismic zone analyzed could be interpreted as the period in which the stress builds up on different planes of a fault, until this energy releases through the rupture along faults and fractures near the plate tectonic boundaries. Then a series of earthquakes can occur along the fault until the stress subsides and a new cycle begins. Our machine learning models predict a new period of strong earthquakes between 2040 ± 5 and 2057 ± 5, 2024 ± 1 and 2026 ± 1, 2026 ± 2 and 2031 ± 2, 2024 ± 2 and 2029 ± 2, and 2022 ± 1 and 2028 ± 2 for the five active seismic zones of United States, Mexico, South America, Japan, and Southern China and Northern India, respectively. In additon, our methodology can be applied in areas where moderate earthquakes occur, as for the case of the Parkfield section of the San Andreas fault (California, United States). Our methodology explains why a moderate earthquake could never occur in 1988 ± 5 as proposed and why the long-awaited Parkfield earthquake event occurred in 2004. Furthermore, our model predicts that possible seismic events may occur between 2019 and 2031, with a high probability of earthquake events at Parkfield around 2025 ± 2 years.

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“…The connection between the north-western border of the JB and the continent is not well defined. Recent studies (Dañobeitia et al, 2016;Núñez-Cornú et al, 2016;Madrigal et al, 2021) indicate that north of Islas Marías (from north to south: Maria Madre, Maria Magdalena, and Maria Cleofas), there is no evidence of an active subduction zone; instead, faulting at west flank of the Islas Marías is observed, while southwards between Maria Magdalena and Maria Cleofas islands the subducted slab of the RP is delineated by regional seismicity. These studies show the existence of a tectonic feature south of Maria Cleofas Island, the Sierra de Cleofas.…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To improve OBS locations, we adjust a 1D P-wave velocity model using the Rivera crustal velocity models proposed by Núñez-Cornú et al (2016), Dañobeitia et al (2016), andNúñez et al (2019) to relocate through Hypo71. As a test group, we selected 30 earthquakes recorded by most of the OBSs (at least eight OBS with clear P and S waves) to adjust the SVRV01 model (Figure 4A) for which P and S residuals were minimum.…”

Section: Data Processing and Seismic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The TsuJal Amphibious Seismic Network: A Passive-Source Seismic Experiment in Western Mexico

Núñez-Cornũ¹,

Córdoba²,

Bandy³

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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The geodynamic complexity in the western Mexican margin is controlled by the multiple interactions between the Rivera, Pacific, Cocos, and North American plates, as evidenced by a high seismicity rate, most of whose hypocenters are poorly located. To mitigate this uncertainty with the aim of improving these hypocentral locations, we undertook the TsuJal Project, a passive seafloor seismic project conducted from April to November 2016. In addition to the Jalisco Seismic Network, 10 LCHEAPO 2000 Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBSs) were deployed by the BO El Puma in a seafloor array from the Islas Marías Archipelago (Nayarit) to the offshore contact between the states of Colima and Michoacan. We located 445 earthquakes in four or more OBSs within the deployed array. Most of these earthquakes occurred in the contact region of the Rivera, Pacific, and Cocos plates, and a first analysis suggests the existence of three seismogenic zones (West, Center, and East) along the Rivera Transform fault that can be correlated with its morphological expression throughout the three seismogenic zones. The seismicity estimates that the Moho discontinuity is located at 10 km depth and supports earlier works regarding the West zone earthquake distribution. Subcrustal seismicity in the Central zone suggests that the Intra-Transform Spreading Basin domain is an ultra-low spreading ridge. A seismic swarm occurred during May and June 2016 between the eastern tip of the Paleo-Rivera Transform fault and the northern tip of the East Pacific Rise-Pacific Cocos Segment, illuminating some unidentified tectonic feature.

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Crustal Architecture at the Collision Zone Between Rivera and North American Plates at the Jalisco Block: Tsujal Project

Cited by 17 publications

References 58 publications

Seismic Structure of the Southern Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block Subduction Zone

Seismic Structure of the Southern Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block Subduction Zone

Long-Term Forecasting of Strong Earthquakes in North America, South America, Japan, Southern China and Northern India With Machine Learning

The TsuJal Amphibious Seismic Network: A Passive-Source Seismic Experiment in Western Mexico

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