Crude oil in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer—III. Biogeochemical reactions and mass balance modeling in anoxic groundwater

Baedecker, Mary Jo; Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.; Eganhouse, Robert P.; Siegel, Donald I.; Bennett, Philip C.

doi:10.1016/0883-2927(93)90014-8

Cited by 304 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Onedimensional modeling studies examining the effects of the oil biodegradation on inorganic chemistry Baedecker et al, 1993;McNab and Narasimhan, 1995;Curtis et al, 1999;Curtis, 2003] have provided a number of important insights. Bennett et al [1993] showed that aqueous concentrations of major cations could be largely explained by the addition of CO 2 from biodegradation and the dissolution or precipitation of various minerals at equilibrium.…”

Section: Previous Modeling Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bennett et al [1993] showed that aqueous concentrations of major cations could be largely explained by the addition of CO 2 from biodegradation and the dissolution or precipitation of various minerals at equilibrium. Baedecker et al [1993] established the importance of CO 2 and CH 4 outgassing, the coupling between organic carbon degradation and Fe reduction, and…”

Section: Previous Modeling Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Bemidji site has been the subject of multidisciplinary studies by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology program, many of which are described in the review by Essaid et al [2011]. A number of geochemical modeling studies have been conducted to assess processes behind the hydrocarbon attenuation Baedecker et al, 1993;Essaid et al, 1995;McNab and Narasimhan, 1995;Curtis et al, 1999;Curtis, 2003;Essaid et al, 2003;Amos, 2006;Amos and Mayer, 2006], making the Bemidji site an ideal test case with which to develop a model to investigate SWQIs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactive transport modeling of geochemical controls on secondary water quality impacts at a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, MN

Bekins

Cozzarelli

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

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131

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Anaerobic biodegradation of organic amendments and contaminants in aquifers can trigger secondary water quality impacts that impair groundwater resources. Reactive transport models help elucidate how diverse geochemical reactions control the spatiotemporal evolution of these impacts. Using extensive monitoring data from a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, Minnesota (USA), we implemented a comprehensive model that simulates secondary plumes of depleted dissolved O 2 and elevated concentrations of Mn 21 , Fe 21 , CH 4 , and Ca 21 over a two-dimensional cross section for 30 years following the spill. The model produces observed changes by representing multiple oil constituents and coupled carbonate and hydroxide chemistry. The model includes reactions with carbonates and Fe and Mn mineral phases, outgassing of CH 4 and CO 2 gas phases, and sorption of Fe, Mn, and H 1 . Model results demonstrate that most of the carbon loss from the oil (70%) occurs through direct outgassing from the oil source zone, greatly limiting the amount of CH 4 cycled down-gradient. The vast majority of reduced Fe is strongly attenuated on sediments, with most (91%) in the sorbed form in the model. Ferrous carbonates constitute a small fraction of the reduced Fe in simulations, but may be important for furthering the reduction of ferric oxides. The combined effect of concomitant redox reactions, sorption, and dissolved CO 2 inputs from source-zone degradation successfully reproduced observed pH. The model demonstrates that secondary water quality impacts may depend strongly on organic carbon properties, and impacts may decrease due to sorption and direct outgassing from the source zone.

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Section: Previous Modeling Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Previous Modeling Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reactive transport modeling of geochemical controls on secondary water quality impacts at a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, MN

Bekins

Cozzarelli

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

Self Cite

131

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“…Unlike Fe(III), Fe(II) is relatively soluble and some of the Fe(II) is removed as groundwater flows through the zone of Fe(III) reduction. The remainder of the Fe(II) forms minerals such as vivianite, siderite, or mixed Fe(III)-Fe(II) oxides, which are generally white, gray, or greenish in color Baedecker et al 1992). …”

Section: Geochemical Evidence For Fe(iii) Reduction In Contaminated Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dissimilatory metal reduction on fate of organic and metal contaminants in the subsurface

Lovley¹,

Anderson

2000

Hydrogeology Journal

153

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Dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms have the ability to destroy organic contaminants under anaerobic conditions by oxidizing them to carbon dioxide. Some Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms can also reductively dechlorinate chlorinated contaminants. Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms can reduce a variety of contaminant metals and convert them from soluble forms to forms that are likely to be immobilized in the subsurface. Studies in petroleum-contaminated aquifers have demonstrated that Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms can be effective agents in removing aromatic hydrocarbons from groundwater under anaerobic conditions. Laboratory studies have demonstrated the potential for Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms to remove uranium from contaminated groundwaters. The activity of Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms can be stimulated in several ways to enhance organic contaminant oxidation and metal reduction. Molecular analyses in both field and laboratory studies have demonstrated that microorganisms of the genus Geobacter become dominant members of the microbial community when Fe(III)-reducing conditions develop as the result of organic contamination, or when Fe(III) reduction is artificially stimulated. These results suggest that further understanding of the ecophysiology of Geobacter species would aid in better prediction of the natural attenuation of organic contaminants under anaerobic conditions and in the design of strategies for the bioremediation of subsurface metal contamination.RØsumØ Des micro-organismes simulant la rØduction du fer ont la capacitØ de dØtruire des polluants organiques dans des conditions anØrobies en les oxydant en dioxyde de carbone. Certains micro-organismes rØduc-teurs de fer peuvent aussi dØ-chlorer par rØduction des polluants chlorØs. Des micro-organismes rØducteurs de fer peuvent rØduire tout un ensemble de mØtaux polluants et les faire passer de formes solubles à des formes qui sont susceptibles d'tre immobilisØes dans le milieu souterrain. Des Øtudes d'aquifres polluØs par du pØtrole ont montrØ que des micro-organismes rØducteurs de fer peuvent tre des agents efficaces pour Øliminer les hydrocarbures aromatiques des eaux souterraines dans des conditions anØrobies. Des Øtudes en laboratoire ont montrØ que des micro-organismes rØducteurs de fer avaient la capacitØ d'Øliminer l'uranium d'eaux souterraines polluØes. L'activitØ de micro-organismes rØducteurs de fer peut tre stimulØe de diffØrentes manires pour augmenter l'oxydation de polluants organiques et la rØduction de mØtaux. Des analyses molØculaires concernant des Øtudes de terrain et de laboratoire ont montrØ que des microorganismes du genre Geobacter deviennent les membres dominants de la communautØ microbienne quand les conditions de rØduction en Fe(III) sont rØalisØes à la suite d'une pollution organique, ou lorsque la rØduction en Fe(III) est stimulØe artificiellement. Ces rØsultats laissent penser que des connaissances supplØ-mentaires sur l'Øcophysiologie des espces Geobacter devraient aider à une meilleure prØdiction...

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“…Fermentative-methanogenic PHC degradation leads to production of DIC with d 13 C >0x (Grossmann, 1997) while the d 13 C of DIC produced during non-methanogenic PHC mineralization is slightly more negative than the d 13 C of PHC (Hunkeler et al, 2002). A progressive shift of the d 13 C of the DIC to more positive values and a simultaneous increase of the CH 4 concentration was also observed at another field site (Baedecker et al, 1993).…”

Section: Transition From Engineered To Intrinsic In Situ Bioremediationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Engineered and subsequent intrinsic in situ bioremediation of a diesel fuel contaminated aquifer

Hunkeler

Höhener

Zeyer

2002

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology

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A diesel fuel contaminated aquifer in Menziken, Switzerland was treated for 4.5 years by injecting aerated groundwater, supplemented with KNO 3 and NH 4 H 2 PO 4 to stimulate indigenous populations of petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) degrading microorganisms. After dissolved PHC concentrations had stabilized at a low level, engineered in situ bioremediation was terminated. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intrinsic in situ bioremediation as a follow-up measure to remove PHC remaining in the aquifer after terminating engineered in situ bioremediation. In the first 7 months of intrinsic in situ bioremediation, redox conditions in the source area became more reducing as indicated by lower concentrations of SO 4 2À and higher concentrations of Fe(II) and CH 4 . In the core of the source area, strongly reducing conditions prevailed during the remaining study period (3 years) and dissolved PHC concentrations were higher than during engineered in situ bioremediation. This suggests that biodegradation in the core zone was limited by the availability of oxidants. In lateral zones of the source area, however, gradually more oxidized conditions were reestablished again, suggesting that PHC availability increasingly limited biodegradation. The total DIC production rate in the aquifer decreased within 2 years to about 25% of that during engineered in situ bioremediation and remained at that level. Stable carbon isotope analysis confirmed that the produced DIC mainly originated from PHC mineralization. The total rate of DIC and CH 4 production in the source area was more than 300 times larger than the rate of PHC elution. This indicates that biodegradation coupled to consumption of naturally occurring oxidants was an important process for removal of PHC which remained in the aquifer after terminating engineered measures. D

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Crude oil in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer—III. Biogeochemical reactions and mass balance modeling in anoxic groundwater

Cited by 304 publications

References 39 publications

Reactive transport modeling of geochemical controls on secondary water quality impacts at a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, MN

Reactive transport modeling of geochemical controls on secondary water quality impacts at a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, MN

Influence of dissimilatory metal reduction on fate of organic and metal contaminants in the subsurface

Engineered and subsequent intrinsic in situ bioremediation of a diesel fuel contaminated aquifer

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