“…Recent studies suggest important roles for CRTC1 in synaptic plasticity (Kovacs et al, 2007; Zhou et al, 2006) and memory (Hirano et al, 2013; Nonaka et al, 2014; Parra-Damas et al, 2014; Sekeres et al, 2012). Although CRTC1 has been shown to move from the synapse/dendrite to the nucleus in response to neural activity and learning (Ch'ng et al, 2012; Nonaka et al, 2014; Parra-Damas et al, 2016), it remains unclear how CRTC1 acts during memory formation, what shuttling mechanisms are, and how CRTC1 activates target gene transcription independently of CREB phosphorylation.…”