Crown-root ratio of permanent teeth in cleft lip and palate patients

Al-Jamal, G; Hazza'a, Abdalla M; Rawashdeh, Ma’amon A.

doi:10.2319/020910-83.1

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Moreover, tooth size is diminished (Sofaer, 1979; Antonarakis et al, 2013) because enamel and dentin have virtually no reparative ability, so they forever reflect their environment during formation. Since teeth rarely begin to erupt without substantial root development (Grøn, 1962), tooth emergence also tends to be delayed in children with clefts (de Carvalho et al, 2004; Kobayashi et al, 2010) and the crown–root ratio can be impaired (Al-Jamal et al 2010), along with other dental anomalies (Nicholls, 2016; Sá et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Mixed Longitudinal Study of Tooth Formation in Children With Clefts

Kimbrough

Parris

Williams

et al. 2020

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

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Objective: To test for systematic age changes in cleft children based on dental age. Design: Retrospective case–control longitudinal study. Setting: One orthodontic solo practice. Patients: Nonsyndromic, complete cleft lip and palateCLP cases, either unilateral or bilateral (102 children; 370 radiographs), between 4 and 16 years of age. Interventions: Children were treated with a team approach, but only orthodontic radiographs were studied. Main Outcome Measure: The principal outcome measure was dental age of the cleft cases compared to a sex-specific sample of phenotypically normal children (1107 children), from the same geographical region. Multiple panoramic radiographs taken during the course of orthodontic treatment were examined to track patterns of dental age as children matured. Analysis used linear mixed models primarily testing for sex, cleft type (unilateral, bilateral), and hypodontia differences. Initial expectation was that cleft children would exhibit delayed dental ages from postnatal stressors and would become more deviant with maturity. Results: In childhood (4-6 years), both sexes were significantly delayed ( P < .001), but dental age normalized around 8 to 10 years. Boys experienced faster maturation thereafter than girls ( P < .001). Only trivial differences occurred between unilateral CLP and bilateral CLP samples.Hypodontia further depressed maturation rates ( P < .001). Dental age improved in a decidedly curvilinear fashion ( P < .001), with greater change at earlier ages. Conclusions: This report agrees with other contemporary studies, showing childhood catch-up. Older studies observed that clefting caused significant delays that worsened with growth. This potential “seachange” suggests better recovery and quicker normalization of children with clefts, perhaps due to improved management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Mixed Longitudinal Study of Tooth Formation in Children With Clefts

Kimbrough

Parris

Williams

et al. 2020

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

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“…However, these three studies were qualitative descriptions. Aljamal et al (2010) measured the root lengths and crown-root (C/R) ratios of permanent teeth of CLP patients, also using panoramic radiography. Panoramic radiography has limitations as an observational method because images of teeth on panoramic radiographs may appear distorted and blurred (Friedland, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth Lengths of the Permanent Upper Incisors in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Determined with Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Zhou

et al. 2013

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

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Objective : To measure the tooth lengths of fully developed permanent upper incisors and to qualitatively evaluate the root shapes of the incisors in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Design : Cross-sectional, noninterventional, case-control imaging study. Setting : Hospital and Stomatology Unit of Peking University, Beijing, China (institutional tertiary care). Participants : Sixty consecutive nonsyndromic CLP patients (including 40 unilateral [UCLP] and 20 bilateral [BCLP]), and 53 age- and sex-matched controls were selected for this study. Main Outcome Measure : Crown heights and root lengths of permanent upper incisors were measured from cone beam computed tomography scans, and the root shapes of upper incisors were evaluated. Results : Compared with controls, the crown heights of upper incisors in CLP patients were reduced by 9.7% to 22.5% (p < .05), and the root lengths were reduced by 15.8% to 31.7% (p < .05). BCLP patients had greater reductions than the UCLP cases (p < .05). There were no significant differences between incisors and their antimeres in controls and BCLP patients. However, measurements on the cleft side in UCLP patients were lower than those of the noncleft side (p < .05). The prevalence of atypical root shape was higher in CLP than in the control group (p = .002); of these, 83.3% (30/36) occurred in central incisors near the cleft. Conclusion : The permanent upper incisors in nonsyndromic CLP patients are underdeveloped. Incisor developmental deficiency was greater in teeth adjacent to the cleft.

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“…As mentioned earlier, low R/C ratios may result from either the resorption of fully developed roots, or from extrinsic or genetic causes that interfere with normal root formation . Orthodontic treatment can also contribute to root shortening .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ethnic differences in the root to crown ratios of the permanent dentition

Wang

Rousso

et al. 2019

Orthod Craniofacial Res

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Structured Abstract Objective Root resorption due to orthodontic tooth movement may adversely affect the root‐crown (R/C) ratios of permanent teeth, especially in patients with Short Root Anomaly (SRA), a poorly understood disorder affecting root development. Evaluation of SRA R/C ratios to normal dentition would facilitate diagnosis and orthodontic treatment planning. However, reference values are not available for all ethnicities. Our goal was to determine R/C ratios of permanent teeth and their relationship to gender and ethnicity. Setting/Sample A retrospective study of 333 patients (109 Caucasians, 112 African Americans and 112 Hispanics) from the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry. Materials/Methods Root lengths and crown heights were measured from panoramic radiographs of 6241 teeth using modified Lind's method. A linear mixed model was used to compare the R/C ratios of teeth among subgroups (gender, ethnicity). Results The mean R/C ratios varied from 1.80 to 2.21 for the maxillary teeth and 1.83‐2.49 for the mandibular teeth. Gender differences in R/C ratios were found to be significant only for the lower central incisors (P < 0.05). Hispanics showed significantly lower ratios for most teeth compared to the other two groups (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in R/C ratios between African Americans and Caucasians in the upper lateral incisors, lower central incisors and lower first premolars (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that ethnicity is an important factor in determining the R/C ratios of permanent teeth. Therefore, when diagnosing developmental conditions such as SRA, ethnic group‐specific reference values should be considered.

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Crown-root ratio of permanent teeth in cleft lip and palate patients

Abstract: CLP patients should be considered to have unfavorable C/R ratios, which could be the result of short root lengths for some teeth.

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

A Retrospective Mixed Longitudinal Study of Tooth Formation in Children With Clefts

A Retrospective Mixed Longitudinal Study of Tooth Formation in Children With Clefts

Tooth Lengths of the Permanent Upper Incisors in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Determined with Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Ethnic differences in the root to crown ratios of the permanent dentition

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