Crotalidae polyvalent immune fab (ovine) antivenom is efficacious for envenomations by southern pacific rattlesnakes (Crotalus helleri )

Bush, Sean P.; Green, Steven M.; Moynihan, James A.; Hayes, William K.; Cardwell, Michael D.

doi:10.1067/mem.2002.129939

Cited by 63 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…CroFab has not been proven efficacious across all crotaline species, but its efficacy has been suggested by in vitro studies or in case reports for at least 12 species of North American crotalines [7,10]. Copperhead envenomation is particularly common and is the predominate envenomation in parts of the southeastern United States and Texas.…”

Section: Copperhead Envenomationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Antivenom therapy for snakebites in children: is there evidence?

Schmidt¹

2005

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Section: Copperhead Envenomationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Of the nine acute adverse reactions reported, six had classic symptoms of acute allergic reaction such as rash, pruritus, or wheezing. The remaining acute reactions were flushing with tachycardia [12] and chest pain with diaphoresis in a patient with prior myocardial infarction [10]. All patients responded to basic measures.…”

Section: Safetymentioning

confidence: 98%

Antivenom therapy for snakebites in children: is there evidence?

Schmidt¹

2005

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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“…Ten papers were excluded because they did not specifically report or evaluate FabAV in children under 18 years 18 – 27. Three papers were excluded because they evaluated FabAV in pregnant women 28 – 30.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initial control has been achieved in the majority in pre-marketing and post-marketing trials 14–17 27 32 3314 17 27 32.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilisation of Crotalidae polyvalent immune fab (ovine) for Viperidae envenomations in children

Johnson

McGoodwin

Banner

2008

Emergency Medicine Journal

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Snakebite envenomations occur in 45,000 patients in the USA annually and are associated with morbidity especially in children and the elderly. Crotalidae polyvalent immune fab (ovine; FabAV) is a polyvalent antivenom derived from sheep for crotalid envenomations. Limited clinical trials are available in paediatric patients. A literature search using MEDLINE (1950-February 2008), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-February 2008), EMBASE (1988-February 2008) and Cochrane Library (1996-June 2008) was conducted using key words including: antivenom OR snakebites OR children OR Crotalid OR envenomations. All English-language articles were identified from data sources. Pertinent studies pertaining to FabAV in children and adolescents with crotalid envenomations were included for analysis. Ten papers were included for review, representing 47 children. Initial doses ranging from 2 to 18 g were administered and initial control was achieved in most children. Maintenance dosing was continued in 63.8% (30/47) of patients; 4.3% (2/47) of patients had episodes of venom recurrence. Adverse events were noted in 8.5% of children (4/47) when pooled for data analysis. FabAV appears to be a safe and effective agent for children with crotalid envenomations. Clinicians should adapt dosing recommendations used for adults until future large, well-designed trials can confirm the efficacy and safety from observation studies and case reports.

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“…Also, Bush et al observed that the Southern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus Helleri) venom is not one of the four venoms used to produce Crotalidae (ovine CroFab) antivenom. However, in his series of nine confirmed envenomations from the Southern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus Helleri), the ovine antivenom uniformly showed a beneficial response (using CroFab during the 24-h study period) (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%